With an aging population prone to colorectal disorders and with the quickening pace of medical discovery, there is a need for an up-to-date survey of the field. In Colonic Diseases, Timothy R. Koch, MD, has assembled a panel of innovative basic researchers, esteemed clinical investigators, and well-known clinicians to bridge the gap between basic and clinical research and the day-to-day care of patients with colonic disorders. As a foundation for better understanding, the authors review what is currently known about normal colonic physiology, explain the mechanisms of disease involved in the development of colonic disorders, and highlight important clues for potential therapies. Their review of the diagnosis and treatment of common colonic disorders covers colorectal neoplasia, inflammatory bowel disease (IBD), ulcerative colitis, diverticular disease, Crohn's disease, and constipation. Here the authors fully discuss potential symptoms, pathological and radiological findings, the differential diagnosis, and presently recommended modes of evaluation and therapy, including the use of probiotics. New areas of potential treatment not presently available for patients with chronic symptoms are also examined, along with the advanced treatment techniques currently in use at the Cleveland Clinic (for ulcerative colitis), The University of Chicago (for Crohn's disease), the Mayo Clinic (for irritable bowel syndrome), and the MD Anderson Cancer Center (for colorectal cancer).
Timely and cutting-edge, Colonic Diseases explains the origins and treatment of common colorectal disorders, blending the molecular mechanisms of disease with new outcomes and epidemiological research to improve our present and future understanding of colonic diseases and their management.

Klappentext

The Scientification of Gastroenterology During the 20th Century * Science contributes to medicine in three ways: It provides a body of relatively secure knowl­ edge. Some of that knowledge has been applied to develop technologies which have had a major impact upon the practice and effectiveness of medicine. Last, science offers to medicine a way of thinking. - 1. McCormick [(1993) The Contribution of Science to Medicine. Perspect. Bioi. Med. 16,315.] Awareness of the digestive system began with the dawn of civilization, when man, observing the feeding habits of animals in the surrounding environment, experimented with foods, edible and inedible. Identity came with discoveries of the digestive organs during the 16th and 17th centuries. Function was revealed by physiologic studies of digestion, absorp­ tion and secretion, metabolism, and motility during the 18th and 19th centuries. Diagnostic access improved with the technological advances of the 20th century. Understanding of gas­ trointestinal (GI) disease followed the growth of the basic sciences and gastroenterology's involvement in scientific research during the latter half of the 20th century. Early in the 20th century, gastroenterology was yet an undefined activity without clinical or scientific guidelines. Diagnostic approach to the digestive tract was minimal. Valid con­ cepts of disease were lacking. Visceroptosis, sitophobia, and "colonic autointoxication" were common "diagnoses." Therapeutic resources were scarce.

Inhalt

Part I. Colorectal Physiology Absorption-Secretion and Epithelial Cell Function Pradeep K. Dudeja, Ravinder Gill, and K. Ramaswamy Normal Motility and Smooth Muscle Function Mary Francis Otterson Neural Regulation of Colonic Motor Function Kenton M. Sanders and Terence K. Smith Mucin and Goblet Cell Function Samuel B. Ho and Laurie L. Shekels Endocrine Cells of the Colon Sebastian G. de la Fuente, Christopher R. Mantyh, and Theodore N. Pappas Micronutrients Emmanuel C. Opara Aging Emmanuel C. Opara and Timothy R. Koch Immunology of the Gastrointestinal Tract Jonathan R. Fulton, Cynthia A. Cunningham, and Christopher F. Cuff Colonic Lymphatics Stacey A. Weiland and Yang K. Chen Probiotics and the Colon: Therapeutic and Prophylactic Uses Thomas J. Borody and Patricia L. Conway Physiology and Pathophysiology of Colorectal Sensory Processes Michael D. Crowell and Brian E. Lacy Part II. Investigation of Disease Processes Oxidative Stress Emmanuel C. Opara Genetic Testing for Colon Cancer Russell F. Jacoby and Carolyn E. Cole Inflammation Cynthia A. Cunningham, Jonathan R. Fulton, and Christopher F. Cuff Epidemiologic Studies and Outcomes Research in Colonic Diseases John F. Johanson Colonoscopy Donald G. Seibert Interpretation of Colonic Biopsies in Patients with Diarrhea Sarah M. Dry, Galen R. Cortina, and Klaus J. Lewin Anorectal Manometry Devang N. Prajapati and Walter J. Hogan Endoanal and Endorectal Ultrasound Lisa M. Gangarosa Colonic Transit and Motility William J. Snape, Jr. Defecography and Related Radiologic Techniques Vincent H. S. Low Cross-Sectional Imaging of the Large Bowel Diego R. Martin, Ming Yang, and Paul Hamilton Part III. Colorectal Disease Hirschsprung's Disease and Neonatal Disorders Carol Lynn Berseth Acute Megacolon, Acquired Megacolon, and Volvulus Marc Stauffer and Timothy R. Koch Diverticular Disease Gordon L. Telford, Susan W. Telford, and Mary F. Otterson Current Understanding of Colorectal Neoplasia Melanie B. Thomas and Robert A. Wolff Constipation Anne Lutz-Vorderbruegge and Arnd Schulte-Bockholt Crohn's Disease Amit G. Shah and Stephen B. Hanauer Ulcerative Colitis Bret A. Lashner Irritable Bowel Syndrome Michael Camilleri Ischemic Colitis Peter Grübel and David R. Cave Surgical Treatments for Colonic Diseases Joseph P. Muldoon and Steven J. Stryker Anorectal Disorders Mohammed M. H. Kalan and Bruce A. Orkin Index