The authors' results show that ischemia differentially activates endogenous neural precursors residing in diverse locations of the adult primate central nervous system. A limited endogenous potential for postischemic neuronal repair exists in neocortex and striatum, but not in the hippocampus proper of the adult macaque monkey brain. The presence of putative parenchymal progenitors and of sustained progenitors in germinative centers opens novel possibilities for precursor cell recruitment.

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1 Introduction.-.1 Studies on cell proliferation in adult primate brain.- 1.2 Methodological considerations in detecting cell proliferation.- 1.3 Cell proliferation in rodent brain after ischemia.- 1.4 Global cerebral ischemia in primates.- 2 Materials and Methods.- 2.1 Animal subjects.- 2.2 Bromodeoxyuridine infusion protocol.- 2.3 Tissue processing.- 2.4 Immunohistochemistry.- 2.5 Detection of DNA damage and degenerating cells.- 2.6 Electron microscopy.- 2.7 Image acquisition and analysis.- 2.8 Statistical analysis.- 3 Results.- 3.1 Hippocampal formation.- 3.1.1 Dentate gyrus.- 3.1.2 Cornu Ammonis.- 3.1.3 Subiculum.- 3.2 Subventricular zone of the inferior horn of the lateral ventricle (SVZi).- 3.3 Temporal lobe.- 3.3.1 Parahippocampal region.- 3.3.2 Temporal neocortex.- 3.4 Subventricular zone of the anterior horn of the lateral ventricle (SVZa).- 3.5 Rostral migratory stream and olfactory bulb.- 3.6 Frontal neocortex and striatum.- 4 Discussion.- 4.1 BrdU as a proliferation marker.- 4.2 Effects of ischemia on cell proliferation and differentiation.- 4.3 Sustained progenitor cell existence in germinative zones.- 4.4 Implications of monkey findings for therapies in humans.- 5 Summary.- References.- Subject Index.