The studies described here were carried out in the Neuroregul­ ation Group, Department of Physiology, University of Leiden, the Netherlands. Over the last decade, this group, in close collaboration with the Department of Neurosurgery of the Academic Hospital of Leiden, has studied the development of the central nervous system from a neuroanatomical as well as a clinical perspective. During this period, the expression of several morphore­ gulators in the developing rat spinal cord was extensively investigated. Parallel studies focused on the development of the spinal cord fiber systems, which was studied by means of the intrauterine use of neuronal tracers. The main goal of these studies was to extend our knowledge about the (normal) generation of the spinal cord and to contribute to the under­ standing of clinical problems related to regeneration and degeneration in the mammalian central nervous system. The studies on morphoregulators, in particular, appeared to benefit two different scientific areas. Firstly, the correlation between morphoregulator expression patterns and known anatomy contributed to our knowledge about spinal cord development. Secondly, the correlation between morpho regulator expression patterns and known developmental processes may help to understand their precise function(s). This volume of Advances in Anatomy, Embryology and Cell Biology presents these particular studies on the development of the rat spinal cord performed over the last decade. As well as integrating the results of the tracer studies, this volume also provides an update on the development of the rat spinal cord.

Inhalt

1 Introduction.- 2 A Survey of the Development of the Rat Spinal Cord.- 2.1 The Matrix Layer.- 2.2 The Mantle Layer.- 2.3 The Marginal Layer.- 2.4 Development of Descending Fiber Tracts.- 2.4.1 Nucleus Tegmentalis Laterodorsalis; Dorsolateral Funiculus.- 2.4.2 Locus Coeruleus; Ventral Funiculus.- 2.4.3 Nucleus Ruber; Dorsolateral Funiculus.- 3 Materials and Methods.- 3.1 Animals.- 3.2 Histological Procedures.- 3.3 Antibodies.- 3.4 Immunohistochemistry.- 3.5 Enzyme Histochemistry.- 3.6 Neuronal Tracing: Intrauterine and Postnatal Applications.- 4 Results.- 4.1 General Comments on the Techniques.- 4.2 Matrix Layer.- 4.2.1 Basal Plate/Floor Plate.- 4.2.2 Alar Plate/Roof Plate.- 4.3 Mantle Layer.- 4.3.1 Ventral Horn/Ventral Commissure/Ventral Raphe.- 4.3.2 Intermediate Gray.- 4.3.3 Dorsal Horn/Dorsal Raphe.- 4.4 Marginal Layer.- 4.4.1 Ventral Funiculus.- 4.4.2 Lateral Funiculus.- 4.4.3 Dorsal Funiculus/Dorsolateral Fasciculus.- 4.5 Tracer Experiments.- 4.5.1 Nucleus Tegmentalis Laterodorsalis.- 4.5.2 Nucleus Locus Coeruleus.- 4.5.3 Nucleus Ruber.- 5 Discussion.- 5.1 Matrix Layer.- 5.2 Mantle Layer.- 5.3 Marginal Layer.- 5.4 Development of Long Descending Systems.- 5.4.1 Methodological Considerations.- 5.4.2 Nucleus Tegmentalis Laterodorsalis; Dorsolateral Funiculus.- 5.4.3 Locus Coeruleus; Ventral Funiculus.- 5.4.4 Nucleus Ruber; Dorsolateral Funiculus.- 5.4.5 Cerebral Cortex; Dorsal Funiculus.- 5.4.6 Conclusion.- 6 New Insights into the Development of the Rat Spinal Cord.- 6.1 Matrix Layer.- 6.2 Mantle Layer.- 6.3 Marginal Layer.- 7 Summary.- 7.1 Matrix Layer.- 7.2 Mantle Layer.- 7.3 Marginal Layer.- References.