The francophone minority in Newfoundland is the smallest, least known group of French Canadians and the only one apart from the Acadians to be of non-Quebec origin. After a period of thoroughgoing assimilation, the French Newfoundlanders are now fighting for their ethno-linguistic survival. The present study synthesises the qualitative and quantitative findings of large-scale on-the-spot fieldwork with a systemic approach to the concept of ethnic identity in North America to propose a prognosis on the future development of collective identity among the French Newfoundlanders.