This book introduces the fundamentals of piezotronics and piezo-phototronics, and shows how the functionality of piezotroics and piezo-phototronics are complementary to CMOS technology. Describes applications in sensing, nanorobotics and many other areas.

The fundamental principle of piezotronics and piezo-phototronics were introduced by Wang in 2007 and 2010, respectively. Due to the polarization of ions in a crystal that has non-central symmetry in materials, such as the wurtzite structured ZnO, GaN and InN, a piezoelectric potential (piezopotential) is created in the crystal by applying a stress. Owing to the simultaneous possession of piezoelectricity and semiconductor properties, the piezopotential created in the crystal has a strong effect on the carrier transport at the interface/junction. Piezotronics is for devices fabricated using the piezopotential as a gate voltage to control charge carrier transport at a contact or junction. The piezo-phototronic effect uses the piezopotential to control the carrier generation, transport, separation and/or recombination for improving the performance of optoelectronic devices, such as photon detector, solar cell and LED. The functionality offered by piezotroics and piezo-phototronics are complimentary to CMOS technology. There is an effective integration of piezotronic and piezo-phototronic devices with silicon based CMOS technology. Unique applications can be found in areas such as human-computer interfacing, sensing and actuating in nanorobotics, smart and personalized electronic signatures, smart MEMS/NEMS, nanorobotics and energy sciences. This book introduces the fundamentals of piezotronics and piezo-phototronics and advanced applications. It gives guidance to researchers, engineers and graduate students.

Represents first book on piezotronics and piezo-phototronics Written by the founder of this technique Gives a survey of the basics and applications of piezotronics and piezo-phototronics Includes supplementary material: sn.pub/extras

Autorentext

Dr. Zhong Lin Wang is the Director of the Beijing Institute of Nanoenergy and Nanosystems, and Regents' Professor and Hightower Chair at Georgia Institute of Technology. Dr. Wang pioneered the nanogenerators field for distributed energy, self-powered sensors and large-scale blue energy. Dr. Wang has received the Nano Research award (2022), Celsius Lecture Laureate, Uppsala University, Sweden (2020); The Albert Einstein World Award of Science (2019); Diels-Planck lecture award (2019); ENI award in Energy Frontiers (2018); The James C. McGroddy Prize in New Materials from American Physical Society (2014); and MRS Medal from Materials Research Soci. (2011). Dr. Wang was elected as a foreign member of the Chinese Academy of Sciences in 2009, member of European Academy of Sciences in 2002, academician of Academia of Sinica 2018, International fellow of Canadian Academy of Engineering 2019. Dr. Wang is the founding editor and chief editor of an international journal Nano Energy, which now has an impact factor of 19.0. Yan Zhang is a professor at University of Electronic Science and Technology of China. He received Ph.D degree from Lanzhou University in 2004. He is senior member of IEEE. His research interests include piezotronics, piezo-phototronics, self-powered nano/micro system, modeling of nonlinear dynamics of NEMS. He has authored more than 170 peer-reviewed journal articles in these fields. Weiguo Hu is a principal investigator at the Beijing Institute of Nanoenergy and Nanosystems, Chinese Academy of Sciences (CAS), China. He received his PhD degree from the Institute of Semiconductors, CAS, in 2007. His research focuses on gallium nitride-based piezotronic/piezo-phototronic devices and wearable self-powered nanosystems. He has authored more than 110 peer-reviewed journal articles in these fields.

Inhalt
Introduction to Piezotronics and Piezo-Phototronics.- Piezopotential in Wurtzite Semiconductors.- Basic Theory of Piezotronics.- Piezotronic Transistors.- Piezotronic Logic Circuits and Operations.- Piezotronic Electromechanical Memories.- Theory of Piezo-Phototronics.- Piezo-Phototronic Effect on Solar Cells.- Piezo-Phototronic Effect on Photodetector.- Piezo-Phototronic Effect on Light-Emitting Diode.- Piezo-Phototronic Effect on Electrochemical Processes and Energy Storage.