This book investigates the possible circuit solutions to overcome the temperature and supply voltage-sensitivity of fully-integrated time references for ultra-low-power communication in wireless sensor networks. The authors provide an elaborate theoretical introduction and literature study to enable full understanding of the design challenges and shortcomings of current oscillator implementations. Furthermore, a closer look to the short-term as well as the long-term frequency stability of integrated oscillators is taken. Next, a design strategy is developed and applied to 5 different oscillator topologies and 1 sensor interface. All 6 implementations are subject to an elaborate study of frequency stability, phase noise and power consumption. In the final chapter all blocks are compared to the state of the art.

To provide a comprehensive overview of timing issues and solutions in wireless sensor networks To gain understanding of all underlying mechanisms by starting from the oscillator basics To provide and demonstrate a design strategy by describing the development of 6 state of the art process-, temperature- and supply voltage- independent building blocks and discussing the design trade-offs To demonstrate the reliability and functionality of the developed building blocks by integrating them in a complete, autonomous, flexible wireless tag To be a reference work for beginners as well as more experienced oscillator and ultra-low-power circuit design engineers Includes supplementary material: sn.pub/extras

Inhalt
Introduction.- Part I Theoretical background on Oscillators and Time References.- Oscillators and Time References.- Jitter and Phase Noise in Oscillators.- Long-term Oscillator Stability.- Part II Oscillator Designs for Temperature and Voltage Independence.- Design of two Wien Bridge Oscillators.- The Pulsed Oscillator Topology.- Injection-Locked Oscillators.- Oscillator-Based Sensor Interfaces.- Part III Wireless Sensor Nodes.- Design of a Low-power Wireless RFID tag.- Conclusion.