The Context of Medicines in Developing Countries

Western pharmaceuticals are flooding the Third World. Injections, capsules and tablets are available in city markets and village shops, from 'traditional' practitioners and street vendors, as well as from more orthodox sources like hospitals. Although many are aware of this 'pharmaceutical invasion', little has been written about how local people perceive and use these products. This book is a first attempt to remedy that situation. It presents studies of the ways Western medicines are circulated and understood in the cities and rural areas of Africa, Asia and Latin America. We feel that such a collection is long overdue for two reasons. The first is a practical one: people dealing with health problems in developing countries need information about local situations and they need examples of methods they can use to examine the particular contexts in which they are working. We hope that this book will be useful for pharmacists, doctors, nurses, health planners, policy makers and concerned citizens, who are interested in the realities of drug use. Why do people want various kinds of medicine? How do they evaluate and choose them and how do they obtain them? The second reason for these studies of medicines is to fill a need in medical anthropology as a field of study. Here we address our colleagues in anthropol ogy, medical sociology and related disciplines.

Inhalt
Medicines in Context: an Introduction.- The Transaction of Medicines.- Introductory Note.- Commercial Pharmaceutical Medicine and Medicalization: a Case Study from El Salvador.- Traditional Practitioners and Western Pharmaceuticals in Sri Lanka.- Medicines and Rural Health Services: an Experiment in the Dominican Republic.- Buying Drugs in Addis Ababa: a Quantitative Analysis.- 'Casi como doctor': Pharmacists and their Clients in a Mexican Urban Context.- The Articulation of Formal and Informal Medicine Distribution in South Cameroon.- The Rise of the Modern Jamu Industry in Indonesia: a Preliminary Overview.- The Meaning of Medicines.- Introductory Note.- Culture and Pharmaceutics: Some Epistemological Observations of Pharmacological Systems in Ancient Europe and Medieval China.- The Use of Herbal and Biomedical Pharmaceuticals on Mauritius.- The Power of Medicines in East Africa.- Traditional Medication at Pregnancy and Childbirth in Madura, Indonesia.- The Reinterpretation and Distribution of Western Pharmaceuticals: an Example from the Mende of Sierra Leone.- Cultural Meanings of Oral Rehydration Salts in Jamaica.- Penicillin: an Ancient Ayurvedic Medicine.- Cultural Constructions of Efficacy.- Conclusion.- Pharmaceutical Anthropology: Perspectives for Research and Application.- List of Contributors.- Index of Names.- Index of Subjects.