This series of books, which is published at the rate of about one per year, addresses fundamental problems in materials science. The contents cover a broad range of topics from small clusters of atoms to engineering materials and involve chemistry, physics, materials science, and engineering, with length scales ranging from Ångstroms up to millimeters. The emphasis is on basic science rather than on applications. Each book focuses on a single area of current interest and brings together leading experts to give an up-to-date discussion of their work and the work of others. Each article contains enough references that the interested reader can access the relevant literature. Thanks are given to the Center for Fundamental Materials Research at Michigan State University for supporting this series. M. F. Thorpe, Series Editor E-mail: thorpe@pa. msu. edu East Lansing, Michigan V PREFACE It is hard to believe that not quite ten years ago, namely in 1991, nanotubes of carbon were discovered by Sumio Iijima in deposits on the electrodes of the same carbon arc apparatus that was used to produce fullerenes such as the buckyball. Nanotubes of carbon or other materials, consisting ofhollow cylinders that are only a few nanometers in diameter, yet up to millimeters long, are amazing structures that self-assemble under extreme conditions. Their quasi-one-dimensional character and virtual absence of atomic defects give rise to a plethora of unusual phenomena.

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Morphology, Characterization, and Formation of Nanotubes.- Filling Carbon Nanotubes Using an ARC Discharge.- Simulation of STM Images and STS Spectra of Carbon Nanotubes.- Applications Research on Vapor-Grown Carbon Fibers.- The Growth of Carbon and Boron Nitride Nanotubes: A Quantum Molecular Dynamics Study.- Nanoscopic Hybrid Materials: The Synthesis, Structure and Properties of Peapods, Cats and Kin.- Linear Augmented Cylindrical Wave Method for Nanotubes: Band Structure of [Cu@C20]?.- Comparative Study of a Coiled Carbon Nanotube by Atomic Force Microscopy and Scanning Electron Microscopy.- Investigation of the Deformation of Carbon Nanotube Composites Through the Use of Raman Spectroscopy.- Electronic States, Conductance and Localization in Carbon Nanotubes with Defects.- Physics of the Metal-Carbon Nanotube Interfaces: Charge Transfers, Fermi-Level Pinning and Application to the Scanning Tunneling Spectroscopy.- Single Particle Transtort Through Carbon Nanotube Wires: Effect of Defects and Polyhedral Cap.- Carbon Nanotubes from Oxide Solid Solution: A Way to Composite Powders, Composite Materials and Isolated Nanotubes.- Impulse Heating an Intercalated Compound Using a 27.12 MHz Atmospheric Inductively Coupled Argon Plasma to Produce Nanotubular Structures.- The Synthesis of Single-Walled Carbon Nanotubes by CVD Catalyzed with Mesoporous MCM-41 Powder.- Mechanical and Chemical Properties of Nanotubes.- Mechanical Properties and Electronic Transport in Carbon Nanotubes.- Electrochemical Storage of Hydrogen in Carbon Single Wall Nanotubes.- Direct Measurement of Binding Energy Via Adsorption of Methane on SWNT.- Electronic Properties of Nanotubes.- Electrical Properties of Carbon Nanotubes: Spectroscopy Localization and Electrical Breakdown.- Field Emissionof Carbon Nanotubes from Various Tip Structures.- First and Second-Order Resonant Raman Spectra of Single-Walled Carbon Nanotubes.- On the ? ? Overlap Energy in Carbon Nanotubes.- Electronic and Mechanical Properties of Carbon Nanotubes.- Low Energy Theory for STM Imaging of Carbon Nanotubes.- Quantum Transport in Inhomogeneous Multi-Wall Nanotubes.- Conductivity Measurements of Catalytically Synthesized Carbon Nanotubes.- Applications of Nanotubes.- Fabrication of Full-Color Carbon-Nanotubes Field-Emission Displays: Large Area, High Brightness, and Hig Stability.- Free Space Construction with Carbon Nanotubes.