Opioids

Opioids are responsible for the vast majority of preventable deaths related to drug use, and opioid crisis is a serious international health problem. Opioids are also the mainstay in pain treatment and are invaluable tools in palliative care. The purpose of this book is to present an overview of the complex field of opioid pharmacology through evidence-based chapters in clear language backed up with sound scientific evidence, providing researchers and health professionals with a firm understanding of their effects and mechanisms of action. The authors present an overview of the history of opioids from ancient civilizations to the current opioid crisis, covering state-of-the-art advances on opioid-induced signal transduction, opioids in pain management, and the neuroinflammatory effects of opioids. Also discussed are opioid use disorders and their treatment. The authors also review the growing body of evidence of opioid effects on innate and adaptive immune responses, discussing the molecules involved in the crosstalk between opioids and innate immunity receptors to provide an updated view of those compounds as important regulators of inflammation and host defense against pathogens and damage. The overall purpose is to provide the reader with a deeper knowledge of this field despite the complexities associated with the existence of numerous ligands, receptor subtypes, and complex pharmacological profiles. To this end, the chapter authors are specialists in the field who also have extensive experience in teaching, hoping to lend their expertise in translating complex concepts into comprehensive and clear explanations.

Presents state-of-the-art guidelines on these complex and challenging pharmacologic agents Provides a practical understanding of how opioids act and how to handle them safely and effectively Discusses the critical topic of opioid use disorders and their treatment

Autorentext

Silvia L. Cruz, PhD, is Professor of Pharmacobiology at Cinvestav in Mexico City. She has previously served as graduate program coordinator and Chair of the Department of Pharmacology at Cinvestav. She has worked as a full-time researcher and lecturer in the drug abuse field for the past 30 years and she is author of the Opioids chapter in the Springer book, Neuroscience in the 21sth Century.

Inhalt

Part I. Social aspects of opioid use .- Chapter 1: A brief history of opioids and the evolution of concepts associated with substance use disorders.- Chapter 2: The two sides of opioid use: Unmet needs of opioids for pain management and the role of opioids in substance use disorders.- Chapter 3: Opioid markets and special populations.- Chapter 4: Towards a new drug policy agreement.- Chapter 5: The opioid crises.- Chapter 6: Persons who misuse opioids.- Chapter 7: The need for structural interventions for persons who misuse opioids.- Part II. Pharmacological and medical aspects of opioid use .- Chapter 8: Opioid effects and classification.- Chapter 9: Opioid receptors and neuronal signal transduction.- Chapter 10: Opioids in Pain.- Chapter 11: Opioids in Palliative Care.- Chapter 12: Opioids and the immune system.- Chapter 13: Opioid dependence, tolerance, and withdrawal.- Chapter 14: Medication-Assisted Treatment (MAT) 1: Opioid substitution therapy.- Chapter 15: Medication-Assisted Treatment for Opioid Use Disorders 2. Detoxification.- Chapter 16: Synthetic Opioids as New Psychoactive Substances (NPS).