Since the publication of Neurobiology of Cerebrospinal Fluid 1 in 1980, that text has become the definitive reference concerning cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) for both basic scientists and clinicians involved in the investigation of degenerative, convulsive, cerebrovascular, traumatic, immunological, demyelinating, inflammatory, neoplastic, neuroendocrine, and psychiatric disorders. That initial volume began a tradition of detailed topic reviews written by international authorities with first-hand expertise in their respective fields of CSF research. Neurobiology of Cerebrospinal Fluid 2 represents a hefty collection of extensively refer enced and illustrated chapters covering topics not discussed in Vol. 1. More specifically, these chapters contain ample charts of original data, summary charts, and anatomical diagrams. Detailed illustrations of experimental and clinical techniques have been in cluded to facilitate their practical application. Each chapter in this multidisciplinary text has been critically reviewed by two experts in the respective field, and the appropriate revisions have been made. Recently published references and text modifications have been added at the proof stage in an effort to provide the most up-to-date review chapters possible.

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1: Cerebrospinal Fluid as Reflection of Internal Milieu of Brain.- 1. Introduction.- 2. Anatomy of CSF System.- 3. Composition of CSF.- 4. Sites of CSF Formation.- 5. Formation of CSF.- 6. Circulation of CSF.- 7. Absorption of CSF.- 8. Functions of CSF.- References.- 2: Regulation of Acid-Base Equilibrium of Cerebrospinal Fluid.- 1. Introduction.- 2. Acid-Base Equilibrium of CSF.- 3. Factors That Control CSF Pco2.- 4. Factors That Affect CSF Bicarbonate Concentration.- 5. Conclusion.- References.- 3: Physiology and Pharmacology of Peptide, Steroid, and Other Hormones in Cerebrospinal Fluid.- 1. Introduction to Central Hormonal Integration.- 2. Neuroendocrine Function of CSF.- 3. Endogenous and Exogenous Hormones and Neuropeptides in CSF.- 4. Conclusions.- References.- 4: Substance P in Human Cerebrospinal Fluid.- 1. Introduction.- 2. Methods.- 3. Characteristics of Substance-P-like Immunoreactivity in Human Lumbar CSF.- 4. Origin of Substance-P-like Immunoreactivity in Lumbar CSF.- 5. Lumbar CSF Substance-P-like Immunoreactivity in Neurological Disorders.- 6. Drug Effects on CSF Concentration of Substance-P-like Immunoreactivity.- 7. Conclusions.- References.- 5: Choroid-Plexus Transport of Enkephalins and Other Neuropeptides.- 1. Introduction.- 2. Materials and Methods.- 3. Methionine-Enkephalin Uptake.- 4. D-Alanine-5-L-Methionine Enkephalinamide Uptake.- 5. Prolactin and Luteinizing-Hormone-Releasing-Hormone Uptake.- 6. Conclusions.- References.- 6: Fraction I Endorphin in Cerebrospinal Fluid: Clinical Studies.- 1. Biochemical Characteristics of Assay System.- 2. Possible Relevance in Chronic Pain States and Depressive Disorders.- 3. Possible Relevance in Schizophrenia.- 4. Conclusion.- References.- 7: Analgesia Induced by Brain Stimulation in Man: Its Effect on Release of ?-Endorphin and Adrenocorticotropin into Cerebrospinal Fluid.- 1. Analgesia by Stimulation of Periaqueductal Gray.- 2. Analgesia by Intraventricular Administration of ?-Endorphin.- 3. Periaqueductal-Gray-Stimulation-Induced Elevation of ?-Endorphin and ACTH in Ventricular CSF.- 4. L-Tryptophan Therapy.- 5. Mechanisms of ?-Endorphin Release.- 6. Conclusions.- References.- 8: Cerebrospinal Fluid as Neuroregulatory Pathway: Peptides in Neuropsychiatric Illness.- 1. Introduction.- 2. Anatomy and Physiology of CSF Pathway: An Active Behavioral Regulatory Link?.- 3. Peptide Synthesis and Catabolism: Markers in CSF.- 4. Peptides in CSF in Relation to Neuropsychiatric Illness.- 5. Conclusions.- References.- 9: Neurochemistry of Cerebrospinal Fluid in Normal Individuals: Relationship between Biological and Psychological Variables.- 1. Introduction.- 2. Methods.- 3. Normal Values.- 4. Sources of Variance.- 5. Correlations among Biological Measures.- 6. Investigation in Normal Individuals of Hypothesized Neurotransmitter-Behavioral Correlations.- 7. Comments.- References.- 10: Neurochemical Analysis of Rat Cisternal Cerebrospinal Fluid.- 1. Introduction.- 2. Neurochemical Methods.- 3. Neuropharmacological Studies.- 4. Discussion.- 5. Conclusion.- References.- 11: Cerebrospinal Fluid Monoamine Metabolites in Korsakoff's Disease: Relationship to Memory Impairment and Drug Response.- 1. Introduction.- 2. CSF Monoamine Metabolites in Korsakoff's Disease.- 3. Drug Response in Korsakoff's Disease.- 4. Summary.- References.- 12: Endogenous Hallucinogens in Cerebrospinal Fluid: Measurement and Meaning.- 1. Introduction.- 2. General Comments on Dimethyltryptamine and O-Methylbufotenin Analysis by Selected Ion Monitoring.- 3. Methods.- 4. Clinical Studies and Discussion.-5. Summary.- References.- 13: Dopamine-?-Hydroxylase in Cerebrospinal Fluid: Putative Indicator of Central Noradrenergic Activity.- 1. Introduction.- 2. Basic Pharmacological Studies.- 3. Clinical Studies.- 4. Suggestions for Future Research.- References.- 14: Cerebrospinal Fluid Acetylcholinesterase in Neuropsychiatric Disorders.- 1. Introduction.- 2. Psychiatric Syndromes.- 3. Neurological Syndromes.- 4. Summary.- References.- 15: Cerebrospinal Fluid Enzymes in Neurological Disease.- 1. Introduction.- 2. CSF Enzymes in Health and Disease.- 3. Enzymes in CSF during Development.- 4. Clinical Value of Determination of Enzyme Activities in CSF.- 5. Conclusion.- References.- 16: Passage of Proteins from Blood to Cerebrospinal Fluid: Model for Transfer by Pores and Vesicles.- 1. Introduction.- 2. CSF Dynamics.- 3. CSF Protein.- 4. Blood-Brain Barrier Morphology and Protein Penetration.- 5. Mechanisms for Protein Entry into CSF.- 6. Summary.- References.- 17: Nonimmunological Glycoproteins in Cerebrospinal Fluid.- 1. Introduction.- 2. Glycoproteins, Glycosaminoglycans, and Gangliosides in CSF.- 3. Glycosidases and Glycosyltransferases in CSF.- 4. Origin of Glycoproteins in CSF..- 5. CSF Glycoproteins in Relation to Neural Function.- 6. Determination of Glycoprotein-Carbohydrate in CSF.- 7. Glycoprotein-Carbohydrate in Neurological Diseases.- 8. Glycoprotein-Carbohydrate in Schizophrenia and Depression.- 9. Conclusions.- References.- 18: Cellular and Humoral Immune Responses in Human Cerebrospinal Fluid.- 1. Introduction.- 2. Research Strategies for Analysis of Immunocompetent Cells in CSF: Joint Space in Rheumatoid Arthritis as Model of Immunological Responses in Closed Compartment.- 3. Immunocompetent Cells in Central Nervous System and CSF: Correlation betweenParenchymal and CSF Cellular Infiltrates in Experimental Models.- 4. Immunocompetent Cells in Central Nervous System and CSF: Correlation between Parenchymal and CSF Cellular Infiltrates in Humans.- 5. Immunocompetent Cells in Human CSF.- 6. Soluble Products of Immunocompetent Cells in Human CSF.- 7. Conclusion.- References.- 19: Central Nervous System Immunoglobulin Synthesis in Neurological Disease: Quantitation, Specificity, and Regulation.- 1. Introduction.- 2. Evidence, Detection, and Quantitation of Immunoglobulin Synthesis within Central Nervous System.- 3. Cytological Substrate for intra-BBB Immunoglobulin Synthesis Plasma Cells.- 4. In Vitro Synthesis of Immunoglobulin by CSF Cells.- 5. Lymphatic Channels in Central Nervous System.- 6. Cellular Immune Regulation and Immunoglobulin Synthesis in Demyelinating Diseases.- 7. Modulation of Immunoglobulin Synthesis.- 8. Hypothesis.- 9. Conclusion.- References.- 20: Cerebrospinal Fluid Proteins in Infectious Neurological Diseases and Guillain-Barré Syndrome.- 1. Introduction.- 2. Infectious Neurological Diseases and Guillain-Barré Syndrome.- 3. CSF Immunoglobulin Abnormalities of Restricted Heterogeneity in Other Neurological Diseases.- 4. Conclusion.- References.- 21: Pathogenesis of Bacterial Meningitis: Relationship to Opsonic Activity in Normal Cerebrospinal …