Land Cover and Land Use Change on Islands

Globalization is not a new phenomenon, but it is posing new challenges to humans and natural ecosystems in the 21st century. From climate change to increasingly mobile human populations to the global economy, the relationship between humans and their environment is being modified in ways that will have long-term impacts on ecological health, biodiversity, ecosystem goods and services, population vulnerability, and sustainability. These changes and challenges are perhaps nowhere more evident than in island ecosystems. Buffeted by rising ocean temperatures, extreme weather events, sea-level rise, climate change, tourism, population migration, invasive species, and resource limitations, islands represent both the greatest vulnerability to globalization and also the greatest scientific opportunity to study the significance of global changes on ecosystem processes, human-environment interactions, conservation, environmental policy, and island sustainability.
Inthis book, we study islands through the lens of Land Cover/Land Use Change (LCLUC) and the multi-scale and multi-thematic drivers of change. In addition to assessing the key processes that shape and re-shape island ecosystems and their land cover/land use changes, the book highlights measurement and assessment methods to characterize patterns and trajectories of change and models to examine the social-ecological drivers of change on islands. For instance, chapters report on the results of a meta-analysis to examine trends in published literature on islands, a satellite image time-series to track changes in urbanization, social surveys to support household analyses, field sampling to represent the state of resources and their limitations on islands, and dynamic systems models to link socio-economic data to LCLUC patterns. The authors report on a diversity of islands, conditions, and circumstances that affect LCLUC patterns and processes, often informed through perspectives rooted, forinstance, in conservation, demography, ecology, economics, geography, policy, and sociology.

Presentation of results from a meta-analysis of global islands and the social-ecological drivers of change that operate a range of space-time scales Description of state-of-the-art methods to characterize land cover/land use change on islands that fuse satellite imagery at multiple scales with image processing approaches to enhance landscape views of islands, urban areas, and small-scale agriculture Multiple case studies are presented for islands around the globe in which human-environment interactions are assess as causes and consequences of land cover/land use change in island ecosystems International tourism, population migration, and resource limitations are assessed as forces of change on islands Biophysical, socio-economic, and cultural characteristics of islands are examined within the context of globalization, climate change, and island sustainability

Inhalt
Chapter1: Geographies of Hope and Despair: Land Cover and Land Use on Islands.- Chapter2: Economic and Related Aspects of Land Use on Islands: A Meta Perspective.- Chapter3: Social-Ecological Drivers of Land Cover/Land Use Change on Islands: A Synthesis of the Patterns and Processes of Change. Chapter4: Transitions and Drivers of Land Use/Land Cover Change in Hawai'i: A Case Study of Maui.- Chapter5: Threats of Climate Change in Small Oceanic Islands: The Case of Climate and Agriculture in the Galapagos Islands, Ecuador.- Chapter6: Galapagos is a Garden.- Chapter7: Evaluating Land Cover Change on the Island of Santa Cruz, Galapagos Archipelago of Ecuador through Cloud-Gap Filling and Multi-Sensor Analysis.- Chapter8: Human and Natural Environments, Island of Santa Cruz, Galapagos: A Model-Based Approach to Link Land Cover/Land Use Changes to Direct and Indirect Socio-Economic Drivers of Change.- Chapter9: How do Non-Native Plants Influence Soil Nutrients along a Hydroclimate Gradient on San Cristobal Island, Galapagos?.- Chapter10: A Critical Physical Geography of Landscape Changes in Southeast Sulawesi, Indonesia, 1950s 2005.- Chapter11: Reframing the Competition for Land Between Food and Energy in Indonesia.- Chapter12: The Carbon Balance of Tropical Islands: Lessons from Soil Respiration.- Chapter13: Impacts and Management of Invasive Species in the UK Overseas Territories.