This book is on a hot topic in optics and photonics, nonclassical light generation. It supplies the reader with the basic knowledge and guidance for application of new lasers and light-emitting devices.

This book is the most advanced state-of-the-art report on nonclassical light generation Includes supplementary material: sn.pub/extras

Klappentext
The quantum statistical properties of the light wave generated in a semiconductor laser or a light-emitting diode (LED) has been a field of intense research for more than a decade. This research monograph discusses recent research activities in nonclassical light generation based on semiconductor devices. This volume is composed of four major parts. The first discusses the generation of sub-shot-noise light in macroscopic pn junction light-emitting devices, including semiconductor laser and light-emitting diodes. The second part discusses the application of squeezed light in high-precision measurement, including spectroscopy and interferometry. The third part addresses the Coulomb blockade effect in a mesoscopic pn junction and the generation of single photon states. The last part covers the detection of single photons using a visible light photon counter.

Inhalt

1. Nonclassical Light.- 1.1 Classical Description of Light.- 1.2 Quantum Description of Light.- 1.3 Coherent State, Squeezed State and Number-Phase Squeezed State.- 1.4 Quantum Theory of Photodetection and Sub-Poisson Photon Distribution.- 1.5 Quantum Theory of Second-Order Coherence and Photon Antibunching.- 1.6 Quantum Theory of Photocurrent Fluctuation and Squeezing.- 2. Noise of p-n Junction Light Emitters.- 2.1 Introduction.- 2.2 Junction Voltage Dynamics: the Poisson Equation.- 2.3 Semiclassical Langevin Equation for Junction Voltage Dynamics.- 2.4 Noise Analysis of an LED.- 2.5 Summary.- 3. Sub-Poissonian Light Generation in Light-Emitting Diodes.- 3.1 Introduction.- 3.2 Physical Mechanism of Pump-Noise Suppression.- 3.3 Measurement of the Squeezing Bandwidth.- 3.4 Summary.- 4. Amplitude-Squeezed Light Generation in Semiconductor Lasers.- 4.1 Introduction.- 4.2 Interferometric Measurement of Longitudinal-Mode-Partition Noise.- 4.3 Grating-Feedback External-Cavity Semiconductor Laser.- 4.4 Injection-Locked Semiconductor Laser.- 4.5 Summary.- 5. Excess Intensity Noise of a Semiconductor Laser with Nonlinear Gain and Loss.- 5.1 Introduction.- 5.2 Physical Models for Nonlinearity.- 5.3 Noise Analysis Using Langevin Rate Equations.- 5.4 Numerical Results.- 5.5 Discussion: Effect of Saturable Loss.- 5.6 Comparison of Two Laser Structures with Respect to Saturable Loss.- 5.7 Summary.- 6. Transverse-Junction-Stripe Lasers for Squeezed Light Generation.- 6.1 Introduction.- 6.2 Fabrication.- 6.3 DC Characterization: Threshold, Loss and Quantum Efficiency.- 6.4 Intensity Noise.- 6.5 Summary.- 7. Sub-Shot-Noise FM Spectroscopy.- 7.1 Introduction.- 7.2 Advantages of Semiconductor Lasers.- 7.3 Signal-to-Noise Ratio (SNR).- 7.4 Realization of Sub-Shot-Noise FM Spectroscopy.- 7.5 Experimental Results.- 7.6 Future Prospects.- 8. Sub-Shot-Noise FM Noise Spectroscopy.- 8.1 Introduction.- 8.2 Principle of FM Noise Spectroscopy.- 8.3 Signal-to-Noise Ratio and the Advantage of Amplitude Squeezing.- 8.4 Sub-Shot-Noise Spectroscopy.- 8.5 Phase-Sensitive FM Noise Spectroscopy.- 8.6 Summary.- 9. Sub-Shot-Noise Interferometry.- 9.1 Introduction.- 9.2 Sensitivity Limit of an Optical Interferometer.- 9.3 Amplitude-Squeezed Light Injection in a Dual-Input Mach-Zehnder Interferometer.- 9.4 Sub-Shot-Noise Phase Measurement.- 9.5 Dual-Input Michelson Interferometer.- 9.6 Summary and Future Prospects.- 10. Coulomb Blockade Effect in Mesoscopic p-n Junctions.- 10.1 Introduction.- 10.2 Calculation of Resonant Tunneling Rates.- 10.3 Coulomb Blockade Effect on Resonant Tunneling.- 10.4 Coulomb Staircase.- 10.5 Turnstile Operation.- 10.6 Monte-Carlo Simulations.- 10.7 Summary.- 11. Single-Photon Generation in a Single-Photon Turnstile Device.- 11.1 Introduction.- 11.2 Device Fabrication.- 11.3 Observation of the Coulomb Staircase.- 11.4 Single-Photon Turnstile Device.- 11.5 Summary.- 12. Single-Photon Detection with Visible-Light Photon Counter.- 12.1 Introduction.- 12.2 Comparison of Single-Photon Detectors.- 12.3 Operation Principle of a VLPC.- 12.4 Single-Photon Detection System Based on a VLPC.- 12.5 Quantum Efficiency of a VLPC.- 12.6 Theory of Noise in Avalanche Multiplication.- 12.7 Excess Noise Factor of a VLPC.- 12.8 Two-Photon Detection with a VLPC.- 12.9 Summary.- 13. Future Prospects.- 13.1 Introduction.- 13.2 Regulated and Entangled Photons from a Single Quantum Dot.- 13.3 Single-Mode Spontaneous Emission from a Single Quantum Dot in a Three-Dimensional Microcavity.- 13.4 Lasing and Squeezing of Exciton-Polaritons in a Semiconductor Microcavity.- A. Appendix: Noise and Correlation Spectra for Light-Emitting Diode.- A.1 Linearization.- A.2 LED Photon Noise Spectral Density.- A.3 External Current Noise Spectral Density.- A.4 Junction-Voltage-Carrier-Number Correlation.- A.5 Photon-Flux -Junction-Voltage Correlation.- References.