Clinical Cellular Immunology

The initial impetus to create a work combining aspects of cel lular immunology with their clinical applications grew from the ed itors' discussions of the area's needs with many of the leaders in the field over a period of time. From the nucleus of ideas that emerged, we have here attempted to create a unified and inte grated coverage of the rapidly growing field of cellular immunology research and to trace out-from what seems at times a genuine plethora of important new findings-the many and often impor tant clinical implications. Because of this approach, the chapters of Clinical Cellular Im munology attempt to be more than critical reviews of research and clinical data, going beyond analysis to synthesize working hypotheses about the functional meaning of cellular immunological phenomena and their likely clinical significance. To accomplish this undertaking, the text begins first with a consid eration of the molecular aspects of antigen recognition (Luderer and Harvey) and of the ensuing regulatory program initiation (Fathman). Then, the functional subsets oflymphocytes as they in teract to produce and control the developing immune response are explored in detail (Sigel et a1.), followed by a unique analytical dis section of the action of immunosuppressive agents on the sundry inductive and regulatory immunologic pathways (Sigel et al.). A majority of the data and conclusions drawn by the authors in the previous chapters arise from work on murine systems, al though wherever appropriate, human data has been introduced.

Klappentext

The initial impetus to create a work combining aspects of cel­ lular immunology with their clinical applications grew from the ed­ itors' discussions of the area's needs with many of the leaders in the field over a period of time. From the nucleus of ideas that emerged, we have here attempted to create a unified and inte­ grated coverage of the rapidly growing field of cellular immunology research and to trace out-from what seems at times a genuine plethora of important new findings-the many and often impor­ tant clinical implications. Because of this approach, the chapters of Clinical Cellular Im­ munology attempt to be more than critical reviews of research and clinical data, going beyond analysis to synthesize working hypotheses about the functional meaning of cellular immunological phenomena and their likely clinical significance. To accomplish this undertaking, the text begins first with a consid­ eration of the molecular aspects of antigen recognition (Luderer and Harvey) and of the ensuing regulatory program initiation (Fathman). Then, the functional subsets oflymphocytes as they in­ teract to produce and control the developing immune response are explored in detail (Sigel et a1.), followed by a unique analytical dis­ section of the action of immunosuppressive agents on the sundry inductive and regulatory immunologic pathways (Sigel et al.). A majority of the data and conclusions drawn by the authors in the previous chapters arise from work on murine systems, al­ though wherever appropriate, human data has been introduced.

Inhalt
1 The T Cell Antigen Receptor: Structural and Functional Considerations.- 1. Overview.- 2. Functional and Physical Analysis of T Cell Antigen-Specific Receptors.- 3. Serological and Biochemical Analysis of T Cell Antigen-Specific Receptors.- 4. Physiologic Constraints in the Recognition Function of the T Cell Antigen Receptor.- 5. Cytotoxic T Cell Ligand-Binding Sites are Critically Affected by Recognition Structures on Other Cells.- 6. Summary.- References.- 2 Regulation of the Immune Response.- 1. Introduction.- 2. Ir Genes in Guinea Pigs.- 3. The Ir-1 Gene.- 4. Genetic Control of Immune Responsiveness to Staphylococcal Nuclease.- 5. Ia Antigens.- 6. Complementing Ir Genes.- 7. Immunosuppressor Genes.- 8. Genetic Control of Cellular Immune Responses.- 9. Human Immune-Response Genes.- 10. An Hypothesis to Explain the Interrelationship Among Ir Genes, Ia Antigens, and MLR-Stimulating Determinants.- 11. Conclusions.- References.- 3 Immunosuppressive Agents: A Conceptual Overview of Their Action on Inductive and Regulatory Pathways.- 1. Introduction.- 2. Inductive and Regulatory Aspects of Immune Responses: Current Concepts.- 3. Classes and Subclasses of Lymphocytes and Their Functions.- 4. Antibody Responses to Thymus-Independent and Thymus-Dependent Antigens.- 5. Inductive and Regulatory Functions: Antigens, Cells, Cognitive and Regulating Molecules, and Networks.- 6. A Closer Look at Induction and Regulation of Cell-Mediated Immunity.- Acknowledgments.- References.- 4 Immunosuppressive AgentsTheir Action on Inductive and Regulatory Pathways: The Differential Effects of Agents Used Clinically or Experimentally in the Treatment of Cancer.- 1. Variables that Determine the Effect of Cancer Therapeutic Agents on Antibody Production.- 2. Diversity of Effects ofImmunosuppressive Drugs on CMI.- 3. Alkylating Agents Exert Selective Action Against Cells in the Suppressor Pathway.- 4. A Closer Look at Agents That Are More Suppressive Before Immunization.- 5. The Many Faces and Interfaces of Cyclophosphamide Action.- Acknowledgments.- References.- 5 The Immunobiology of Human Non-Hodgkin's Lymphomas.- 1. Introduction.- 2. Classification Schema.- 3. Functional Studies.- 4. The Ontogeny of Lymphocytes.- 5. Overview of Immunoregulation.- 6. Lymphocyte Identification.- 7. New Directions.- Acknowledgments.- References.- 6 Cell-Mediated Immunity in Autoimmune Disease.- 1. Introduction.- 2. Self-Recognition and Tolerance.- 3. Induction of Autoimmunity.- 4. Pathogenic Mechanisms in Autoimmune Disease.- 5. Cell-Mediated Immunity in Autoimmune Diseases of Animals.- 6. Cell-Mediated Immunity in Autoimmune Disease of Humans.- 7. Summary.- References.- 7 Cell-Mediated Immunity in Tumor Rejection.- 1. Immune SurveillanceA Theory Under Scrutiny.- 2. Tumor Antigens.- 3. Effector Mechanisms in Cell-Mediated Immunity.- 4. Effector Molecules.- 5. Depression of Immunity by Tumors: Suppressor Cells and Factors.- 6. Immunotherapy.- 7. Conclusions.- References.- 8 Transfer Factor and Other Factors in Leukocyte Dialyzates That Affect Cell-Mediated Immunity.- 1. Introduction.- 2. The Transfer Phenomenon.- 3. Clinical Use of Leukocyte Dialyzates or Transfer-Factor Preparations.- 4. Biochemical Characterization.- 5. Experimental Considerations.- 6. Implications for Immunotherapy.- References.- 9 Hybridization of Lymphocytes: Techniques and Applications.- 1. Introduction.- 2. B Cell Hybrids.- 3. T Cell Hybrids.- 4. Applications and Future Perspectives.- Notes Added in Proof.- Acknowledgment.- References.- 10 Immunologic Tests for Diagnosis andMonitoring of Defects in Cell-Mediated Immunity.- 1. Introduction.- 2. Anatomy of the Immune System.- 3. In Vivo Manifestations of Cell-Mediated Immunity.- 4. In Vitro Tests of Cell-Mediated Immunity.- 5. Clinical Immunodeficiencies.- 6. Conclusion.- Acknowledgments.- References.