New three-dimensional endoanal and endorectal ultrasonographic and magnetic resonance imaging techniques have given better insight into the complex anatomy of the pelvic floor and its pathologic modification in benign anorectal diseases. Obstetrical events leading to fecal incontinence in females, the relationship between fistulous tracks and the sphincter complex, and mechanisms of obstructed defecation syndrome can now be accurately evaluated, which is of fundamental importance for decision making. Thanks to improvements in the diagnosis of these disorders, new forms of treatment have been developed with better outcome for patients.

This book is aimed at general and colorectal surgeons, radiologists, gastroenterologists and gynecologists with a special interest in this field. It is also relevant to everyone who wants to improve their understanding of the fundamental principles of pelvic floor disorders.

Thanks to improvements in endoanal and endorectal ultrasonographic and magnetic resonance imaging for the diagnosis of pelvic floor disorders, new forms of treatment have been developed with better outcome for patients. This book will be an invaluable tool for general and colorectal surgeons, radiologists, gastroenterologists and gynecologists with a special interest in understanding and managing pelvic floor disorders.

Inhalt
Fundamental Principles of Ultrasound Imaging.- Fundamental Principles of Ultrasound Imaging.- New Technical Developments in Endoanal and Endorectal Ultrasonography.- New Technical Developments in Endoanal and Endorectal Ultrasonography.- Invited Commentary.- State of the Art in Pelvic Floor Imaging.- Endosonographic Anatomy of the Normal Anal Canal.- Endosonographic Anatomy of the Normal Rectum.- Endoanal Magnetic Resonance Imaging: Anatomy of the Normal Anal Sphincter.- MR Anatomy of the Rectum and the Mesorectum.- Invited Commentary.- Endoanal Ultrasonography in the Assessment of Patients with Fecal Incontinence.- Accuracy and Reliability of Endoanal Ultrasonography in the Evaluation of Anal Sphincter Injury.- Update in Perineal Anatomy and its Relevance to Obstetric Trauma.- Fecal Incontinence: Endoanal Ultrasonography and MR Imaging.- Invited Commentary.- Endoanal Ultrasonography in the Evaluation of Perianal Sepsis and Fistula-in-ano.- Accuracy and Reliability of Endoanal Ultrasonography in the Evaluation of Perianal Abscesses and Fistula-in-ano.- Imaging Perianal Sepsis: Anal Endosonography or MR Imaging?.- Fistula-in-ano: Endoanal Ultrasonography versus Endoanal MR Imaging A Gastroenterologist Perspective.- Invited Commentary.- Update in the Evaluation of Outlet Obstruction.- Accuracy and Reliability of Endoanal, Endorectal, Dynamic Anorectal, and Transvaginal Ultrasonography in the Evaluation of Outlet Obstruction.- Clinical Dynamic Transperineal Ultrasonography in Proctologic Practice: the Case for its Use in Patients Presenting with Evacuatory Difficulty.- Defecographic Study of Rectal Evacuation in Constipated Patients.- Dynamic MR Imaging in the Evaluation of Outlet Obstruction.- Invited Commentary.- Anorectal Physiology Testing.- Manometric andMyographic Evaluation of the Anal Sphincters Morphology and Function.- What Studies do we Really Need in the Treatment of Benign Anorectal Diseases?.- Invited Commentary.- Treatment Options for Fecal Incontinence.- Surgical Treatment of Fecal Incontinence.- New Treatment Options for Fecal Incontinence: Radiofrequency Delivery and Bulking Agents.- Invited Commentary.- Neuromodulation for Fecal Incontinence.- Invited Commentary.- Incontinence: Biofeedback and Other Nonoperative Modalities.- Invited Commentary.- Treatment Options for Anal Fistulas.- Treatment Options for Anal Fistulas.- Invited Commentary.- Current Concepts in Management of Outlet Obstruction.- Current Concepts in Management of Outlet Obstruction.- Invited Commentary.