The Fifth International Lymphokine Workshop was convened in Clearwater Beach, Florida, January 11-15, 1987. The theme chosen for the meeting was 'The Molecular Basis of Lymphokine Action," which reflected the opinion of the organizers as to how far the field had moved since the first Lymphokine Workshop only eleven years ago. As was evident at the last Lymphokine Workshop held in 1985, the contribution of molecular biology, particularly in the cloning of lymphokine genes, continues to play an important role in clarifying the structure of lymphokines, providing recombinant (read "pure") proteins for biological studies, and suggesting directions for studies of the molecular basis of lymphokine activity. The most recent lymphokines to yield to molecular cloning meth odology were the B-cell growth and differentiation factors, in partic ular BSF-1 or, as it is sometimes termed, interleukin 4. One of the surprises from this research is the broad spectrum of activities that can be attributed to this molecule, aside from its effects on B-cells, thus perhaps justifying its being called an interleukin. The interleukin 2 symposium demonstrated that even in a well-established research area, controversy and excitement can continue, when evidence was presented by several investigators indicating the presence of a second "converter" protein that changes the affinity of the now classical Tac antigen from a low to a high affinity IL-2 receptor.

Inhalt
Keynote Address.- Tumor Growth Factors.- Suppressor Factors.- Suppressor T Cell Receptor and Functional Molecules.- Role of Glycosylation Inhibiting Factor (GIF), A Phospholipase Inhibitory Protein, In the Generation of Antigen-Specific Suppressor T Cells.- Characterization of GAT-Specific Suppressor Factors and Comparison to Other Antigen-Specific Factors.- Soluble Immune Response Suppressor (SIRS) Mediated Inhibition of Cell Division.- Differentiation and Proliferation of CD8+ Suppressor T Lymphocytes.- Interleukin 1.- Molecular Studies on Murine Interleukin 1.- Multiple Biological Activities of Human Interleukin-1.- A Membrane Form of IL-1-Identification and Control of Expression.- Characterization of Interleukin-1 Receptors.- T Cell Interleukin 1.- B Cell Growth and Differentiation Factors.- Molecular Structure and Immunological Function of Human B Cell Differentiation Factor (BSF2).- Current Studies Examining Regulation of the Human B Cell Cycle.- Two Types of Mouse Helper T Cell Clone: Differences in B Cell Help and Lymphokine Synthesis.- Interleukin 2.- Two Step Activation of the Interleukin-2 Autocrine Loop May Be Involved in ATL Development.- The Human High Affinity Interleukin-2 Receptor.- Regulation of IL2 and Related Genes at the mRNA Level.- Effects of Interleukin-2 to Promote Prothymocyte and Early Thymocyte Proliferation and Differentiation and to Increase Cyclic GMP Levels.- Biological Significance of Interleukin-2 Receptor-Associated Molecules.- Identification of a Novel Interleukin-2 Receptor Subunit.- Effector Factors.- In Vivo Antitumor Activities of Tumor Necrosis Factor-Alpha.- Life After IL2.- Regulatory Polypeptides in the Lympho-Hemopoietic System.- Cachectin/TNF: A Mediator of Lethal Endotoxemia.- The Molecular Complex of Macrophage Migration Inhibitory Activity (MIF) and Its Role in Inflammatory Reactions.- Hematopoietic Growth Factors.- Molecular Biology of Interleukin-3.- The Molecular and Biological Properties of the Human and Murine Members of the CSF-1 Family.- Isolation and Characterization of Mouse and Human cDNA Clones Encoding IL-4 and IgA-Enhancing Factor/Eosinophil CSF (IL-5).- Molecular Cloning and Characterization of the Human Gene for Interleukin-3 (IL-3).- Structure-Function Studies of Lymphokines by Total Chemical Synthesis.- Clincal Uses of Lymphokines.- Cytokines in Metabolic Bone Disease.- Lymphokine Production in Autoimmunity: Usefulness of mRNA Assays.- Interleukin-2 Receptor Directed Immunosuppressive Therapy.- An Improved Method for the Generation of Human Activated Killer Cells.- Growth and Differentiation Factors for Human Metachromatically Staining Cells.- Banquet Address.- Lymphokine Research and the Biology of Immunologic Diseases.- Workshop Summaries.- Interleukin 1.- Hemtapoietic Growth Factors.- Suppressor/Effector Factors.- Clinical Uses of Lymphokines.- Interleukin 2.- Lymphokines Activating Cells for Killer Functions.- B Cell Growth Factors.