Bridge Design

Explains the fundamental aspects of bridges - concepts, analysis and design Includes discussions on: the selection of the most appropriate structural material bridge typology for the benefit of both aesthetics and economics conceptual design and evaluation methods Written by an author with 28 years practical bridge design experience.

Autorentext
António J. Reis ibecame a Civil Engineer at IST - University of Lisbon in 1972 and obtained his Ph.D at the University of Waterloo in Canada in 1977. He was Science Research Fellow at the University of Surrey, UK, and Professor of Bridges and Structural Engineering at the University of Lisbon for more than 35 years. Reis was also Visiting Professor at EPFL Lausanne Switzerland in 2013 and 2015. In 1980, he established his own design office GRID where he is currently Technical Director and was responsible for the design of more than 200 bridges. The academic and design experience were always combined in developing and supervising research studies and innovative design aspects in the field of steel and concrete bridges, cable stayed bridges, long span roofs and stability of steel structures. A. Reis has design studies and projects in more than 20 countries, namely in Europe, Middle East and Africa and presented more than 150 publications. He received several awards at international level from IABSE, ECCS, ICE and Royal Academy of Sciences of Belgium. José J. Oliveira Pedro became a Civil Engineer at IST - University of Lisbon in 1991, concluding his Master's degree in 1995 and Ph.D in 2007, with the thesis "Structural analysis of composite steel-concrete cable-stayed bridges". He joined the Civil Engineering Department of IST in 1990, as a Student Lecturer, and is currently Assistant Professor of Bridges, Design of Structures and Special Structures. In 1999, he was Researcher at Liège University / Bureau d'Etudes Greisch and, in 2015, Visiting Professor at EPFL Lausanne. In 1991, he joined design office GRID Consulting Engineers, and since then is very much involved in the structural design of bridges and viaducts, stadiums, long span halls and other large structures. He is the author/ co-author of over seventy publications in scientific journals and conference proceedings. In 2013, he received the Baker medal, and in 2017 the John Henry Garrood King Medal, from the Institute of Civil Engineers, for the best paper published in Bridge Engineering journal.

Klappentext

A comprehensive guide to bridge design Bridge Design - Concepts and Analysis provides a unique approach, combining the fundamentals of concept design and structural analysis of bridges in a single volume. The book discusses design solutions from the authors' practical experience and provides insights into conceptual design with concrete, steel or composite bridge solutions as alternatives. Key features: Principal design concepts and analysis are dealt with in a unified approach. Execution methods and evolution of the static scheme during construction are dealt with for steel, concrete and composite bridges. Aesthetics and environmental integration of bridges are considered as an issue for concept design. Bridge analysis, including modelling and detail design aspects, is discussed for different bridge typologies and structural materials. * Specific design verification aspects are discussed on the basis of present design rules in Eurocodes. The book is an invaluable guide for postgraduate students studying bridge design, bridge designers and structural engineers.

Zusammenfassung
Bringing together in one volume, both the conceptual and structural aspects of bridge design, here is the first comprehensive reference that is as expansive as its subject.

Inhalt

About the Authors xiii Preface xv Acknowledgements xvii 1 Introduction 1 1.1 Generalities 1 1.2 Definitions and Terminology 1 1.3 Bridge Classification 4 1.4 Bridge Typology 6 1.5 Some Historical References 16 1.5.1 Masonry Bridges 16 1.5.2 Timber Bridges 18 1.5.3 Metal Bridges 18 1.5.4 Reinforced and Prestressed Concrete Bridges 24 1.5.5 Cable Supported Bridges 28 References 30 2 Bridge Design: Site Data and Basic Conditions 31 2.1 Design Phases and Methodology 31 2.2 Basic Site Data 32 2.2.1 Generalities 32 2.2.2 Topographic Data 32 2.2.3 Geological and Geotechnical Data 35 2.2.4 Hydraulic Data 36 2.2.5 Other Data 38 2.3 Bridge Location. Alignment, Bridge Length and Hydraulic Conditions 38 2.3.1 The Horizontal and Vertical Alignments 42 2.3.2 The Transverse Alignment 46 2.4 Elements Integrated in Bridge Decks 49 2.4.1 Road Bridges 49 2.4.1.1 Surfacing and Deck Waterproofing 50 2.4.1.2 Walkways, Parapets and Handrails 50 2.4.1.3 Fascia Beams 53 2.4.1.4 Drainage System 54 2.4.1.5 Lighting System 55 2.4.1.6 Expansion Joints 55 2.4.2 Railway Decks 58 2.4.2.1 Track System 59 2.4.2.2 Power Traction System (Catenary System) 61 2.4.2.3 Footways, Parapets/Handrails, Drainage and Lighting Systems 61 References 61 3 Actions and Structural Safety 63 3.1 Types of Actions and Limit State Design 63 3.2 Permanent Actions 65 3.3 Highway Traffic Loading - Vertical Forces 68 3.4 Braking, Acceleration and Centrifugal Forces in Highway Bridges 72 3.5 Actions on Footways or Cycle Tracks and Parapets, of Highway Bridges 74 3.6 Actions for Abutments and Walls Adjacent to Highway Bridges 75 3.7 Traffic Loads for Railway Bridges 76 3.7.1 General 76 3.7.2 Load Models 76 3.8 Braking, Acceleration and Centrifugal Forces in Railway Bridges: Nosing Forces 77 3.9 Actions on Maintenance Walkways and Earth Pressure Effects for Railway Bridges 78 3.10 Dynamic Load Effects 79 3.10.1 Basic Concepts 79 3.10.2 Dynamic Effects for Railway Bridges 82 3.11 Wind Actions and Aerodynamic Stability of Bridges 84 3.11.1 Design Wind Velocities and Peak Velocities Pressures 84 3.11.2 Wind as a Static Action on Bridge Decks and Piers 89 3.11.3 Aerodynamic Response: Basic Concepts 91 3.11.3.1 Vortex Shedding 94 3.11.3.2 Divergent Amplitudes: Aerodynamic Instability 95 3.12 Hydrodynamic Actions 98 3.13 Thermal Actions and Thermal Effects 99 3.13.1 Basic Concepts 99 3.13.2 Thermal Effects 102 3.13.3 Design Values 107 3.14 Shrinkage, Creep and Relaxation in Concrete Bridges 109 3.15 Actions Due to Imposed Deformations. Differential Settlements 117 3.16 Actions Due to Friction in Bridge Bearings 119 3.17 Seismic Actions 119 3.17.1 Basis of Design 119 3.17.2 Response Spectrums for Bridge Seismic Analysis 121 3.18 Accidental Actions 124 3.19 Actions During Construction 124 3.20 Basic Criteria for Bridge Design 125 References 125 4 Conceptual Design and Execution Methods 129 4.1 Concept Design: Introduction 129 4.2 Span Distribution and Deck Continuity 131 4.2.1 Span Layout 131 4.2.2 Deck Continuity and Expansion Joints 132 4.3 The Influence of the Execution Method 134 4.3.1 A Prestressed Concrete Box Girder Deck 134 4.3.2 A Steel-Concrete Composite Steel Deck 136 4.3.3 Concept Design and Execution: Preliminary Conclusions 136 4.4 Superstructure: Concrete Bridges 138 4.4.1 Options for the Bridge Deck 138 4.4.2 The Concrete Material - Main Proprieties 139 4.4.2.1 Concrete 139 4.4.2.2 Reinforcing Steel 140 4.4.2.3 Prestressing Steel 140 4.4.3 Slab and Voided Slab Decks 142 4.4.4 Ribbed Slab and Slab-Girder Decks 144 4.4.5 Precasted Slab-Girder Decks 152 4.4.6 Box Girder Decks 155 4.5 Superstructure: Steel and Steel-Concrete Composite Bridges 160 4.5.1 Options for Bridge Type: Plated Structures 160 4.5.2 Steels for Metal Bridges and Corrosion Protection 166 4.5.2.1 Materials and Weldability 166 4.5.2.2 Corrosion Protection 172 4.5.3 Slab Deck: Concrete Slabs and Orthotropic Plates 173 4.5.3.1 Concrete Slab Decks 174 4.5.3.2 Steel Orthotropic Plate Decks 176 4.5.4 Plate Girder Bridges 179 4.5.4.1 Superstructure Components 179 4.5.4.2 Preliminary Design of the Main Girders 182 4.5.4.3 Vertical Bracing System 188 4.5.4.4 Horizontal Bracing System 191 4.5.5 Box Girder Bridges 192 4.5.5.1 General 192 4…