3D Recording and Interpretation for Maritime Archaeology

This open access peer-reviewed volume was inspired by the UNESCO UNITWIN Network for Underwater Archaeology International Workshop held at Flinders University, Adelaide, Australia in November 2016. Content is based on, but not limited to, the work presented at the workshop which was dedicated to 3D recording and interpretation for maritime archaeology. The volume consists of contributions from leading international experts as well as up-and-coming early career researchers from around the globe.

The content of the book includes recording and analysis of maritime archaeology through emerging technologies, including both practical and theoretical contributions. Topics include photogrammetric recording, laser scanning, marine geophysical 3D survey techniques, virtual reality, 3D modelling and reconstruction, data integration and Geographic Information Systems.

The principal incentive for this publication is the ongoing rapid shift in the methodologies of maritime archaeology within recent years and a marked increase in the use of 3D and digital approaches. This convergence of digital technologies such as underwater photography and photogrammetry, 3D sonar, 3D virtual reality, and 3D printing has highlighted a pressing need for these new methodologies to be considered together, both in terms of defining the state-of-the-art and for consideration of future directions.

As a scholarly publication, the audience for the book includes students and researchers, as well as professionals working in various aspects of archaeology, heritage management, education, museums, and public policy. It will be of special interest to those working in the field of coastal cultural resource management and underwater archaeology but will also be of broader interest to anyone interested in archaeology and to those in other disciplines who are now engaging with 3D recording and visualization.

Gives a clear overview of the state of the art and the future directions of emerging spatial or 3-Dimensional technologies for survey, analysis and dissemination Includes diver-based imaging techniques, marine sonar techniques, 3D printing and virtual reality in one academic peer-reviewed format Highlights how these technologies are rapidly converging, presenting both challenges and opportunities for practitioners working in traditionally separate specialisms and disciplines Breaks down the silos of insular research and problem-solving which have led to a lack of consistency and quality control in publication and have hampered genuine innovation in the field

Autorentext
John McCarthy is an expert in 3D archaeological site recording and interpretation and is the author of several articles in leading international journals. John is an experienced field archaeologist and scientific diver with a dozen years of professional practice in archaeology in the UK, Ireland and Australia. In 2017, John was acknowledged for his leadership role on Project SAMPHIRE, which was awarded the prestigious European Union's Europe Nostra Award for cultural heritage. John is currently a PhD candidate at Flinders University, where he is focused on advancing methods and theory for 3D site recording, interpretation, reconstruction and dissemination methods for maritime archaeology. Prior to receiving a competitive international scholarship for doctoral research at Flinders, John was a Project Manager with Wessex Archaeology in Scotland. John is a graduate of Trinity College Dublin and received an MPhil from Queens University, Belfast. Jonathan Benjamin is a Senior Lecturer in Maritime Archaeology at Flinders University. He is a specialist in early prehistory, underwater archaeology and the archaeology of submerged landscapes. Dr Benjamin has led several major projects that included terrestrial, aerial and underwater archaeological research across a wide temporal spectrum and is an expert in diver-based photographic and photogrammetric recording of underwater sites. He was an early stage researcher in the European Cooperation in Science and Technology (COST) Action SPLASHCOS and was lead editor of Submerged Prehistory (Oxbow Books 2011). Dr Benjamin is a Fellow of the Society of Antiquaries of London and a graduate of University of California, Los Angeles. Dr Benjamin received a PhD in Archaeology from the University of Edinburgh. Trevor Winton has over 30 years of industry experience in applied marine research, remote sensing and in-situprocess studies for NASA, government agencies, industrial and oil & gas clientele. He worked on the application of Landsat imagery to coastal process studies; the first quantitative cumulative impact assessment of all oil & gas, industrial and fishing impacts on Australia's NWS; environmental impacts from offshore seismic and drilling operations; biological and chemical risks associated with waste discharges to the marine environment; and in-situ process studies at the James Matthews shipwreck site. Trevor is currently a PhD candidate in Maritime Archaeology at Flinders University. His research focus is on the applicability of geophysics, particularly sub-bottom profilers in combination with MBES and magnetometers, to map and quantify shallow-buried underwater archaeological material to facilitate better in-situ management planning. Trevor is a graduate of Monash University and obtained a Graduate Diploma in Corporate Management from the University of New South Wales and a MSc in Coastal and Ocean Engineering from the University of Florida, Gainesville.

Wendy van Duivenvoorde is an Associate Professor in Maritime Archaeology at Flinders University and currently chairs the UNESCO UNITWIN Network for Underwater Archaeology (20152018) with Dr Benjamin. She is also an adjunct lecturer at The University of Western Australia and affiliated faculty with the Institute of Nautical Archaeology at Texas A&M University. Prior to taking up her position at Flinders University, she worked as a maritime archaeologist for the Western Australian Maritime Museum. Her major area of research expertise is in fields of maritime, nautical and underwater archaeology and she has experience in the areas of seafaring, shipbuilding, technology transfer, cultural contact, and maritime or underwater cultural heritage. Her studies primarily focus on ships of exploration and Indiamen and include the archaeological remains of Western Australia's Dutch East India Company shipwrecks. An additional research interest comprises ancient ships, their fastenings and anchors. A/Prof Van Duivenvoorde is a graduate of University of Amsterdam and received a PhD from Texas A&M University.

Inhalt
Calibration of Camera Systems for Underwater Photogrammetry.- Presenting Photogrammetric 3D Recording Essays in the Submerged Harbour Infrastructure of the Ancient and Medieval Harbour of Kyllene/Glarentza.- Using Digital Visualisation of Archival Sources to Enhance Archaeological Interpretation of the 'Life History' of Ships.- Presenting Computer Vision Photogrammetry (CVP) for Maritime Archaeology Research and Public Outreach.- High-Resolution Sub-Seabed Survey and Visualisation.- From Integration to Explanation: Moving from 3 to 4 Dimensions.- 3D Scanning and Mapping of the City of Adelaide.- Recent 3D Survey Work in Egypt.- Innomar's Parametric Sub-Bottom Profiler (SBP) Survey of Sub-Seabed Viking Fortifications in the Baltic.- Early Results of the High-Resolution Imaging of HMAS Sydney and HSK Kormoran.- Underwater Archaeology using Riegl Bathymetric Lidars.- The 17th/18th Century Drumbeg Shipwreck in Scotland.- James Matthews Trial Sub-Bottom Profile Survey.- Image-Based 3D Underwater Recording and Ocularcentrism.- 3D Photogrammetry for an by the Public.- Integration of Topographical and Bathymetrical Surveys in High-Resolution Textured 3D Prints.