Water-Soluble Polymers

Water-soluble polymers have been attracting increasing atten­ tion because of their utility in industrial applications of great current concern. Perhaps preeminent among these is their ability to flocculate suspended solids, e.g., wastes in municipal sew­ age-treatment plants or pulp in papermaking. other important appli­ cations are to aid in so-called secondary recovery of petroleum, to reduce turbulent friction of water, and as components of water-based finishes developed in response to environmental con­ straints. Some water-soluble polymers have shown interesting bio­ logic activity, which is being investigated further. This book is based on papers presented at a symposium held by the American Chemical Society, Division of Organic Coatings and Plastics Chemistry, in New York City on 30-31 August 1972. The large attendance and the favorable response of the audience con­ firmed not only our view of the importance of the field but also the need to bring these topics together. The chapters in this book are generally enlarged and more detailed, with more complete bibliographies, than the papers presented at the Symposium. They include not only the important applications described above, but also descriptions of new syntheses and characterization methods.

Inhalt

I. Applications.- Water-Soluble Polymers as Flocculants in Papermaking.- Application of Polyelectrolytes in Municipal Waste Treatment.- Flocculation of Chrome-Plating Wastes with Polyelectrolytes.- Particle Size Versus Molecular Weight Relationships in Cationic Flocculation.- Water-Soluble Polymers in Petroleum Recovery.- Reversible Crosslinking of Polymers in Oil Recovery.- Turbulent Friction Reduction by Polymer Solutions.- Drag-Reduction Properties of Ultra-High-Molecular-Weight Polyacrylamide and Related Polymers.- The Biologic Activity of Water-Soluble Polymers.- New Developments in Water-Soluble Polysaccharides.- Water-Based Finishes in Response to Environmental Constraints.- Electrodeposition of Water-Dispersible Polymers.- II. Synthesis.- Preparation of Acrylamide Polymers.- Extracellular Microbial Polysaccharides: New Hydrocolloids Having Both Fundamental and Practical Import.- Some Properties of Carbamoylated Polyethylenimine and Its Hydrolysis Product.- Water-Soluble Polyisothiocyanates.- Preparation of Cationic Polyelectrolytes by Spontaneous Polymerization.- Graft Copolymers of Starch and Poly(2-Hydroxy-3-Methacryloyloxypropyltrimethylammonium Chloride). Dependence of Graft Copolymer Structure on Method of Initiation.- The Polymerization of 3-Dimethylamino-n-Propyl Chloride and the Formation of Star-Shaped and Branched Polyelectrolytes.- III. Characterization.- Molecular-Weight Distribution of Water-Soluble Polymers by Exclusion Chromatography.- Sedimentation Equilibrium of High Charge Density Cationic Polyelectrolytes.- Viscoelasticity of Highly Concentrated Solutions of Poly(Acrylic Acid) Salts.- Some Gel Permeation Chromatographic Studies on Cyclocopolymers of Maleic Anhydride.- Conformational Studies of Poly(Ethyl Acrylate-co-Acrylic Acid).- Studies on the Distribution of Substituents in Hydroxyethylcellulose.