These are the proceedings of the Symposium 3 of JENAM 2011 on new scientific challenges posed by the Sun. The topics covered are

1. The unusual sunspot minimum, which poses challenges to the solar dynamo theory

2. The Sun's Terra-Hertz emission, which opens a new observational window

3. Corona wave activity

4. Space weather agents - initiation, propagation, and forecasting

In 21 in-depth contributions, the reader will be presented with the latest findings.

Inhalt

1. The unusual sunspot minimum - challenge to the solar dynamo theory.- 2. The evolution of cyclic activity of the Sun in the context of physical processes on late-type stars.- 3. Long-term variations of the solar supergranulation size according to the observations in CaIIK line.- 4. On the Problem of Heat Transport in the Solar Atmosphere.- 5. Dynamics of the electrical currents in coronal magnetic loops.- 6. Observations of solar flares from GHz to THz frequencies.- 7. On the Interaction of Solar Rotational Discontinuities with a Contact Discontinuity Inside the Solar Transition Region as a Source of Plasma Heating in the Solar Corona.- 8. Complex magnetic evolution and magnetic helicity in the solar Atmosphere.- 9. On Our Ability to Predict Major Solar Flares.- 10. Chormospheric Evaporation in Solar Flares.- 11. Evolutionary of Discontinuous Plasma Flows in the Vicinity of Reconnecting Current Layers.- 12. Analytical Models of Generalized Syrovatskiis Current Layer with MHD Shock Waves.- 13. Solar Convection And Self-Similar Atmospheres Structures.- 14. SDO in Pulkovo Observatory.- 15. Variations of microwave emission and MDI topology in the Active Region NOAA 10030 before and during the power flare series.- 16. Scenario of evolution of the epoch of minimum at the final stage of Cycle 23.- 17. Solar magnetic fields as a clue for the mystery of the permanent solar wind and the solar corona.- 18. Two types of coronal bright points in the 24-th cycle of solar activity.- 19. The Self-Similar Shrinkage of Force-Free Magnetic Flux Ropes in a Passive Medium of Finite Conductivity.- 20. Solar Activity Indices In The Cycles 2123.- 21. Coronal Mass Ejections on the Sun and their Relationship with Flares and Magnetic Helicity.