This monograph presents new ideas in nomic truth approximation. It features original and revised papers from a (formal) philosopher of science who has studied the concept for more than 35 years.
Over the course of time, the author's initial ideas evolved. He discovered a way to generalize his first theory of nomic truth approximation, viz. by dropping an unnecessarily strong assumption. In particular, he first believed to have to assume that theories were maximally specific in the sense that they did not only exclude certain conceptual possibilities, but also that all non-excluded possibilities were in fact claimed to be nomically possible. Now, he argues that the exclusion claim alone, or for that matter the inclusion claim alone, is sufficient to motivate the formal definition of being closer to the nomic truth. The papers collected here detail this generalized view of nomic truthlikeness or verisimilitude.
Besides this, the book presents, in adapted form, the relation with several other topics, such as, domain revision, aesthetic progress, abduction, inference to the best explanation, pragmatic aspects, probabilistic methods, belief revision and epistemological positions, notably constructive realism. Overall, the volume presents profound insight into nomic truth approximation. This idea seeks to determine how one theory can be closer to, or more similar to, the truth about what is nomically, e.g. physically, chemically, biologically, possible than another theory. As a result, it represents the ultimate goal of theory oriented empirical science.
Theo Kuipers is the author of Studies in Inductive Probability and Rational Expectation (1978), From Instrumentalism to Constructive Realism (2000) and Structures in Science (2001). He is the volume-editor of the Handbook on General Philosophy of Science (2007).
In 2005 there appeared two volumes of Essays in Debate with Theo Kuipers, entitled Confirmation, Empirical Progress, and Truth Approximation and Cognitive Structures in Scientific Inquiry.
Autorentext
Theo A.F. Kuipers (1947) studied mathematics and philosophy in Eindhoven and Amsterdam. He got his PhD in 1978 in Groningen, based on Studies in Inductive Probability and Rational Expectation (Synthese Library 123). From 1988 till 2010 he was full professor of philosophy of science at the University of Groningen. A synthesis of his work on confirmation, empirical progress, and truth approximation, entitled From Instrumentalism to Constructive Realism appeared in 2000 as Volume 287 in the Synthese Library of Kluwer AP. A twin synthesis of his work on the structure of theories, research programs, explanation, reduction, and computational discovery and evaluation, entitled Structures in Science, appeared in 2001 as Volume 301 in the Synthese Library. He was for two years (1982/3, 1996/7) a regular fellow of the Netherlands Institute of Advanced Study (NIAS) in Wassenaar (since 2016 in Amsterdam). Several short stays followed. In fall 2009 he was Guest-of-the-Rector.
In December 2005 there appeared two volumes of Essays in Debate with Theo Kuipers, with in total 34 essays related to the books of 2000 and 2001, respectively. Both volumes start with a synopsis of the corresponding book and each essay is followed by a reply of Kuipers:
Roberto Festa, Atocha Aliseda and Jeanne Peijnenburg (eds.), Confirmation, Empirical Progress, and Truth Approximation, Essays in Debate with Theo Kuipers. Vol. 1 (Poznan Studies in the Philosophy of the Sciences and the Humanities, vol. 83). Amsterdam / New York: Rodopi, 2005.
Roberto Festa, Atocha Aliseda and Jeanne Peijnenburg (eds.), Cognitive Structures in Scientific Inquiry, Essays in Debate with Theo Kuipers. Vol. 2 (Poznan Studies in the Philosophy of the Sciences and the Humanities, vol. 84). Amsterdam / New York: Rodopi, 2005.
In 2007 appeared General Philosophy of Science: Focal Issues, Handbook of the **Philosophy of Science, Vol 1, edited by Theo Kuipers. Series editors Dov Gabbay, Paul Thagard and John Woods. Amsterdam: Elsevier.
In 2009 he became Ridder in de Orde van de Nederlandse Leeuw (Knight in the Order of the Dutch Lion) and in 2010 he became a member of the Koninklijke Hollandse Maatschappij der Wetenschappen (Royal Holland Society of Sciences and Humanities). He retired in 2010 with the farewell lecture Waarheidsbenadering in theorie en praktijk (Truth approximation in theory and practice).
Inhalt
Ch. 1 Background and Overview
Part IBasically closer to the nomic truthCh. 2Nomic Truth Approximation by Empirical Progress Revisited Ch. 3 Perspectives and guidelines for theories of (nomic) truth approximation by empirical progressCh. 4 Models, postulates, and generalized nomic truth approximation
Part IIConcretizationsCh. 5Quantitative nomic truth approximationCh. 6Refined nomic truth approximationCh. 7Stratified nomic truth approximation
Part IIIExtensionsCh. 8Theories looking for domains. Nomic truth approximation by domain revision Ch. 9Beauty, a road to the truth?
Part IVReasoning around nomic truth approximationCh. 10 Abduction aiming at empirical progress or even truth approximation: a challenge for computational modelingCh. 11 Inference to the best theory, rather than inference to the best explanation. Kinds of abduction and inductionCh. 12 Pragmatic aspects of truth approximationCh. 13Empirical progress and nomic truth approximation by the 'Hypothetico-Probabilistic Method'
Part VBelief revision aiming at truth approximationCh. 14 Basic and refined nomic truth approximation by evidence-guided belief set revisionCh. 15 Dovetailing belief base revision with truth approximation
Part VIConclusion: comparative constructive nomic realismCh. 16 Comparative realism as the best response to antirealism
AcknowledgementsCurriculum VitaeIndex