Solid State Batteries

The holding of an Advanced Study Institute on the topic of "Solid­ State Batteries" at this time represented a logical progression in a series of NATO-sponsored events. Summer Schools at Belgerati, Italy in 1972 and Ajaccio, Corsica in 1975 on the topic of "Solid­ -State IOllics" dealt with fundamental aspects of solid-state electro­ chemistry and materials science. The application of specific solid ionic conductors played a significant role in the Science Committee Institute on "Materials for Advanced Batteries" held at Aussois, France in 1979. Interest in these and related fields has grown substantially over this period, and is sustained today. Research and development programmes exist within universities, governmental research laboratories and industry, worldwide and a series of international conferences and collaborations have been set up. Advanced batteries, both secondary and primary, have a potentially important role ~o play in the development of many areas of tech­ nology in the late 20th century and beyond. Applications include stationary storage, vehicle traction and remote power sources, as well as industrial and domestic cordless products and consumer and military electronics. The concept of an all-so lid-state battery is not new but, until recently, their performance has precluded their use in other than specialist low power, primary, applications. Recent materials' developments, however, make the solid-state battery a real possibility in all of the application sectors mentioned above. Further, such cells offer many attractive features over alternative present-day and advanced systems.

Inhalt

I. Plenary Lectures.- Theme 1: Basic Concepts.- Phenomenology of ionic transport in solid-state battery materials..- Structural aspects of ionic transport in solid-state battery materials..- Theme 2: Solid Electrolytes.- Solid electrolytes - a materials introduction..- Ionically conducting inorganic crystalline materials..- Ionically conducting glasses.- Ionically conductive polymers.- Composite materials as solid electrolytes.- Theme 3: Electrode Processes.- Thermodynamic aspects of solid state battery performance..- Electrode processes in solid state cells. I: The metal electrode..- Electrode processes in solid state cells. II: The intercalation electrode..- Porous and composite electrodes for solid state batteries..- Solid state electrodes: A materials introduction.- Theme 4: Electrode materials.- Insertion compounds: Relationship of structure to electrochemistry..- Conductivity in polymeric materials..- Theme 5: Experimental techniques.- D.C. methods of cell characterization. Part I: Evaluation of materials and components..- D.C. methods of cell characterization. Part II: Definition of full cell/battery parameters..- A.C. measurement and analysis techniques..- Non-electrical techniques of cell characterization..- Theme 6: Introduction to batteries.- Battery performance parameters.- Competitive systems:Primary batteries.- Competitive systems: Ambient temperature rechargeable batteries..- Lithium organic liquid electrolyte batteries.- Competitive systems: High tenperature batteries.- Utilization of conductive polymers in rechargeable batteries..- Energy storage.- Theme 7: Solid-state batteries.- Solid State primary batteries..- Solid-state rechargeable batteries..- Theme 8: New Technology.- Micro-batteries.- Future prospects for all-solid-state batteries..- II. Short Presentations.- Proton and lithium ion conductors based upon the AM2IV (PO4)3 type structure..- Conductivity of modified lithium iodide samples.- Activation energies of the electrical conductivity of doped beta? alumina samples..- Phase transition and ionic conductivity of the spinel system Li2-2xMgl+xCl4..- Lithium insertion compounds of the high and low temperature polymorphs of LiFeSn04..- Transport properties of lithium intercalated InSe..- Oxide electrodes at high temperatures..- Structure, electrical and electrochemical properties of AgxNbS2..- Photoelectrochemical intercalation reactions and their possible applications..- Investigation of ternary lithium intermetallic systems as solid state cathode materials..- Fractal geometry and kinetics..- Solid state electrochemical applications of EXAFS..- Measurement of chemical diffusion coefficients by the point electrode technique..- Thin film cathode material in Li-I2 primary battery..- Models for impedance plots of metal/RbAg4I5/ metal cells..- Ambient temperature polymer solid state batteries..- III. Formal Discussion Group Reports.- Solid electrolytes.- Electrode processes and materials.- Experimental techniques.- Ambient temperature batteries.- High temperature batteries.- Future energy scenarios.- Role of batteries in electronic circuitry.- The future of batteries.- List of participants.