Telematics and Transport Behaviour

A major strategy to reduce transport congestion and other social costs of transport is to ensure that travellers make the best decisions, based on real time information. A wide range of technological systems have been developed to provide this information, but little is known about how travellers actually respond to it. This book offers an overview of various transport telematics options and provides an appropriate methodological framework, followed by a presentation of results from actual applications of these telematics systems from a range of European countries in various transport sectors. The empirical results are supplemented by analytical models and geographic information systems representations with a view on generalizing these findings and identifying the key parameters which determine user response.

Inhalt

A Road Transport Telematics: Supply and Demand.- 1 Mobility and Telematics.- 1.1 Introduction.- 1.2 Tele Applications in the Transport Sector.- 1.3 Organization of the Book.- 2 Transport Functions of Telematics Technology Options.- 2.1 Supported Transport Functions and Technological Options.- 2.1.1 Travel and Traffic Information.- 2.1.2 Public Transport Management.- 2.1.3 Freight and Fleet Management.- 2.1.4 Road and Traffic Management.- 2.1.5 Demand Management.- 2.1.6 Parking Management.- 2.1.7 Driver Assistance and Cooperative Driving.- 2.2 Research Initiatives in the Field of Transport Telematics.- 2.2.1 Europe.- 2.2.2 United States.- 2.2.3 Japan.- 2.3 Technological Development Prospects.- 3 User Impact and Market Potential of Telematics.- 3.1 Introduction.- 3.2 Actors in the Telematics Market.- 3.2.1 Actors at the Supply Side.- 3.2.2 Actors at the Demand Side.- 3.2.3 The Intermediate Category.- 3.3 Travel Choice Analysis and Transport Telematics.- 3.4 Actors' Response to Transport Telematics.- 3.4.1 Introduction.- 3.4.2 The Nested Approach.- 3.4.3 Conclusions.- 3.5 The Market Potential of Transport Telematics.- 3.5.1 The Cascade System.- 3.5.2 Concluding Remarks.- 3.6 Conclusions.- 3.6.1 Introduction.- 3.6.2 Some Open Research Questions.- 3.6.3 Telematics Case Studies.- 4 Potential Use of Telematics: A European Road Transport Corridor Typology.- 4.1 Introduction.- 4.2 European Corridors: A Case Study.- 4.2.1 Description of Relevant European Corridors and Their Features.- 4.2.2 Comparison of Corridors from the Viewpoint of Their Potential Telematics Applications.- 4.2.3 A Classification of European Inter-urban Corridors by Means of Multicriteria Analysis.- 4.2.4 Conclusions.- 4.3 Regional Corridors: A Case Study of Italy.- 4.3.1 Characteristics of Urban and Regional Networks.- 4.3.2 Characteristics of Network Segments.- 4.4 Conclusions.- B Actor Case Studies on Transport Telematics.- 5 Telematics Information and Car Drivers' Behaviour: A Dutch Case Study.- 5.1 Introduction.- 5.2 The Impact of Telematics on Road Use: Review of Factors of Influence.- 5.3 A Case Study in the Northern Wing of the Dutch Randstad.- 5.3.1 Context of Site and Description of VMS Application.- 5.3.2 Survey Methodology, Design and Set-up.- 5.3.3 Driver Profile.- 5.3.4 Attitudes to VMS.- 5.3.5 Responses to the VMS Traffic Information.- 5.3.6 Impact of Radio/RDS Traffic Information and Comparison with VMS.- 5.3.7 Influence of Socio-economic Characteristics.- 5.3.8 Influence of Travel Characteristics.- 5.4 Conclusions from the Case Study.- Annex 5A A Discrete Choice Model for Route Choice Behaviour.- 6 Car Drivers' Response and Network Characteristics: An Italian Case Study.- 6.1 Introduction.- 6.2 Analysis Framework.- 6.3 Functional Description of the Spatial Analysis.- 6.4 Description of Observed Spatial Variations in User Attitudes.- 6.5 Analysis of Influence of Congestion and Road Accidents on Drivers' Attitudes.- 6.6 Conclusions.- Annex 6A Software Description.- 7 Public Transport Information Systems: An English Case Study.- 7.1 Introduction.- 7.2 Results from Real Time Passenger Information Systems in Birmingham.- 7.2.1 'After'Results.- 7.2.2 'Before' and 'After' Analysis.- 7.2.3 Conclusions.- 7.3 Results from Real Time Passenger Information Systems (STOPWATCH) in Southampton.- 7.3.1 Aggregate Analysis of the 'Before' and 'After' Surveys.- 7.3.2 Disaggregate Analysis of the 'After' Surveys.- 7.3.3 The STOPWATCH Effects.- 7.3.4 'Before' and 'After' Analysis.- 7.3.5 Summary of Results from Southampton STOPWATCH Surveys.- 7.4 Conclusions from the Case Study.- Annex 7A Econometric Analysis of STOPWATCH Pilot.- 8 Telematics Use by Road Freight Operators: A Dutch Case Study.- 8.1 Introduction.- 8.2 Survey Design.- 8.3 Profile of Companies.- 8.4 Familiarity with Telematics Systems.- 8.5 Actual Use of Telematics Systems.- 8.6 Investment Plans and Barriers.- 8.7 Dynamics in Adoption of Systems.- 8.8 Influence of Company Characteristics.- 8.9 Conclusions on the Telematics Market for Road Freight Operators.- C Perspectives for Transport Telematics.- 9 Views of Public Authorities on Telematics.- 9.1 Introduction.- 9.2 Goals of Public Authorities.- 9.3 Public Authority Interventions.- 9.3.1 The Local/Regional Level.- 9.3.2 The National Level.- 9.4 Attitudes and Expectations of Road Authorities: A Dutch Case Study.- 9.5 Conclusions.- 10 Conclusions and Policy Recommendations.- 10.1 Synthesis and Purpose.- 10.2 The Main Areas of Application - The Case Studies.- 10.2.1 Travel and Traffic Information Systems.- 10.2.2 Public Transport Information Systems.- 10.2.3 Freight and Fleet Management.- 10.2.4 Conclusions on the Case Studies.- 10.3 Policy Perspectives.- References.- Associate Authors.