Nursery Rearing of Nonhuman Primates in the 21st Century describes how and why nursery rearing of primates can produce adaptable juveniles and adults for research, conservation, and display-educational purposes. The volume details the history of nursery rearing since the mid-19th century, the outcomes of varied nursery rearing methods, the contemporary goals of nursery rearing as well as reference data derived from species commonly reared in nursery or hand-feeding situations.

Examples of the changing goals of nursery rearing covered in this volume are the need for biological containment in disease research, the production of specific pathogen-free colonies by removal of neonates from the mother, the production of phenotypes for genetic and molecular biology studies, and the breeding of endangered species for conservation or research purposes.

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to Section 1: The History of Nursery Rearing and a Glimpse into the Future.- The Effects of Rearing Experiences: The Early Years.- The Changing Role of Hand Rearing in Zoo-Based Primate Breeding Programs.- Animal Welfare Regulations and Nursery Rearing.- Data Management for the Nonhuman Primate Nursery.- Very Early Rearing Experience: Rationale and Methodologies for Studying Prenatal Development in Nonhuman Primates.- to Section 2: Methods and Outcomes for Infrequently Hand-Reared Species.- The Effect of Hand Rearing on the Sexual and Maternal Competence of Three Species of Lemurs, Varecia variegata, Varecia rubra, and Eulemur macaco.- Nursery-Reared Prosimian Primates.- Hand Rearing of Infant Common Marmosets (Callithrix jacchus).- to Section 3: Methods and Outcomes for Frequently Hand-Reared Species.- Immunological Consequences of Nursery Rearing.- Special Challenges of Rearing Infant Macaques Infected with Lentivirus (SIV, HIV, SHIV).- Nursery Rearing and Biobehavioral Organization.- Neurobehavioral Assessment of Nonhuman Primate Neonates.- Is It Nutrients or Nurturing? Comparison of the Growth and Development of Mother-Reared and Laboratory-Reared Macaque Infants (Macaca nemestrina).- Baboon Nursery Rearing Practices and Comparisons between Nursery-Reared and Mother-Reared Individuals.- Early Rearing Conditions and Captive Chimpanzee Behavior: Some Surprising Findings.- Effects of Early Rearing History on Growth and Behavioral Development in Captive Chimpanzees (Pan troglodytes).- to Section 4: Nursery Care Methodology and Testing Techniques for the Future.- Squirrel Monkeys as an Example of Primate Nursery Medicine.- Nursery Care of At-Risk Nonhuman Primates.- A Quick and Effective Method for Establishing Self-Feeding in Stump-Tailed Macaques (Macaca arctoides).- Saliva as a Medium for Assessing Cortisol and Other Compounds in Nonhuman Primates: Collection, Assay, and Examples.- The SPIT Method for Simultaneous and Unobtrusive Collection of Salivary Cortisol from Individually Housed Infant Monkeys.- Actimetry Measurement of Behavioral Regulation and Sleep Cycles in Infant Rhesus Macaques (Macaca mulatta).- Noninvasive Neuroimaging Techniques for the Study of Primate Brain Development.- Tethering with Maternal and Fetal Catheterization as a Model for Studying Pre- to Postnatal Continuities.- to Section 5: Hematology and Serum Chemistry Values.- Hematology and Serum Chemistry in Young Captive Chimpanzees (Pan troglodytes).- Hematology and Serum Chemistry Reference Values for Rhesus Macaque (Macaca mulatta) Infants.- Hematology and Serum Chemistry Reference Values for Pigtailed Macaque (Macaca nemestrina) Infants.- Hematology and Serum Chemistry Reference Values for Mother-Reared Squirrel Monkey (Saimiri boliviensis boliviensis) Infants.