This book highlights the institutional, legal, and policy measures to manage water pollution in India, and discusses how effective they have been in improving the overall quality of the country's surface and groundwater resources. It also reviews the status of wastewater generation, collection and treatment in urban areas to provide insights into the gaps in wastewater treatment. Further, it offers a detailed analysis of the wastewater treatment systems available and examines the human health impacts of water pollution in the country, as well as the future trajectory of investment in wastewater treatment systems and potential sectors for reuse and recycling of wastewater, briefly assessing the market demand for treated wastewater. Lastly, it investigates the factors influencing the environmental sustainability and economic viability of wastewater treatment as well as future areas of research in the field.

Autorentext

Dr. Dinesh Kumar received his B.Tech. in Civil Engineering in 1988, M.E. in Water Resources Management in 1991, and Ph.D. in Water Management in 2006. He has 28 years of experience in the field of water resources, and has been the Executive Director of the Institute for Resource Analysis and Policy, Hyderabad, since 2008. He has provided consultancy services to various international agencies, including the World Bank, Asian Development Bank, US AID, the Australian Council for International Agricultural Research, UNDP and UNICEF; and international consulting firms such as Deltares (Holland) and Sheladia Associates (US). He has 180 publications to his name, including six books, seven edited volumes, and numerous book chapters and journal articles. His research interests are in the areas of integrated water resources management in river basins; water use efficiency and water productivity in agriculture; global virtual water trade; methodology for assessing global water and food security challenges; climate risk in WASH; and socio-economic impacts of large water systems.

Dr Cecilia Tortajada is a Senior Research Fellow at the Institute of Water Policy, Lee Kuan Yew School of Public Policy, National University of Singapore, Singapore. The main focus of her work is the impacts of global events on water resources and the environment. She is the author and editor of more than 40 books by major international publishers, and her work has been translated into Arabic, Chinese, French, German, Japanese and Spanish. She is an advisor to major international institutions like the FAO, UNDP, JICA, ADB, OECD, IDRC, and GIZ and has worked on water and natural resources and environment-related policies in countries in Africa, Asia, North and South America and Europe. She is a member of the OECD Initiative on Water Governance. She is also the Past President and an honorary member of the International Water Resources Association.

Inhalt

1. Introduction

1.1. Context

1.2. Objectives of the Study

1.3. Methodology

2. The Legal, Institutional and Policy Regime for the Control of Water Pollution in India

2.1. Introduction

2.2. Water Quality Monitoring in India

2.3. Legal and Institutional Regime for Water Quality Management

2.4. Issues Related to Pollution Control

3. Status of Water Quality in India and Compliance with Pollution Control Norms

3.1. An Overview of Water Quality Status in India

3.2. Compliance with Pollution Control Norms

3.3. Findings and Conclusions

4. Effectiveness of Wastewater Collection and Treatment Systems

4.1. Wastewater Generation and Collection in India's Urban Area

4.2. Sewage Treatment Capacity

4.3. Sanitation Access in Urban India

4.4. Findings and Conclusion

5. Health Impacts of Water Pollution and Contamination

5.1. Overview of Public Health Impacts of Water Contamination in India

5.2. Case Studies on Water Pollution and Impacts on Public Health

5.3. Findings and Conclusions

6. Reuse of Treated Wastewater: Present Scenario

6.1. Introduction

6.2. Cases of Reuse of Treated Wastewater

6.3. Concluding Remarks

7. Wastewater Treatment Technologies and Costs

7.1. The Context

7.2. Conventional or Centralized Wastewater Treatment

7.3. Treatment Technologies Used in Sewage Treatment Plants: Performance and Costs

7.4. Decentralized Systems for wastewater treatment: Performance and Costs

7.5. Findings and Conclusion

8. Case Studies on Performance of Wastewater Treatment Systems

8.1. Introduction

8.2. General Profile of the Plants and Locations

8.3. Working of the Wastewater Treatment Plants

8.4. Findings and Conclusion

9. Environmental Sustainability and Economic Viability

9.1. Introduction

9.2. Environmental Sustainability vs Economic Viability

9.3. Findings and Conclusion

10. Growth of Treatment Plants and Reuse of Treated Wastewater

10.1. Introduction

10.2. Future Growth of Treatment Plants and Wastewater Reuse

10.3. Future Investments for Wastewater Treatment

10.4. Findings and Conclusion

11. Market for Treated Wastewater in India

11.1. Introduction

11.2. Future Market for Treated Wastewater

11.3. Findings and Conclusion

12. Conclusions and Areas for Future Research

12.1. Summary of Findings and Conclusions

12.2. Future Research Areas on Wastewater

13. References

14. APPENDIX