Wireless Sensor Networks

Infrastructure for Homeland Security Environments

Wireless Sensor Networks helps readers discover the emerging field
of low-cost standards-based sensors that promise a high order of
spatial and temporal resolution and accuracy in an ever-increasing
universe of applications. It shares the latest advances in science
and engineering paving the way towards a large plethora of new
applications in such areas as infrastructure protection and
security, healthcare, energy, food safety, RFID, ZigBee, and
processing.

Unlike other books on wireless sensor networks that focus on
limited topics in the field, this book is a broad introduction that
covers all the major technology, standards, and application topics.
It contains everything readers need to know to enter this
burgeoning field, including current applications and promising
research and development; communication and networking protocols;
middleware architecture for wireless sensor networks; and security
and management.

The straightforward and engaging writing style of this book makes
even complex concepts and processes easy to follow and understand.
In addition, it offers several features that help readers grasp the
material and then apply their knowledge in designing their own
wireless sensor network systems:

• Examples illustrate how concepts are applied to the development and
  application of

• wireless sensor networks

• Detailed case studies set forth all the steps of design and
  implementation needed to solve real-world problems

• Chapter conclusions that serve as an excellent review by stressing
  the chapter's key concepts

• References in each chapter guide readers to in-depth discussions of
  individual topics

This book is ideal for networking designers and engineers who want
to fully exploit this new technology and for government employees
who are concerned about homeland security. With its examples, it is
appropriate for use as a coursebook for upper-level undergraduates
and graduate students.

Autorentext

Kazem Sohraby, PhD, is Professor of Electrical Engineering
in the College of Engineering at the University of Arkansas. Dr.
Sohraby has also served as head of the university's Department of
Computer Science and Computer Engineering, and as Director of
Telecommunications Management Department at Stevens Institute of
Technology, Hoboken, New Jersey. Prior to his university
appointment, Dr. Sohraby spent much of his career at Bell Labs
Advanced Communication Technologies Center. His work resulted in
more than twenty new patents for Bell Labs.

Daniel Minoli has worked and published extensively in the
field of IT security, with more than thirty years of hands-on
experience in IT, telecommunications, wireless, and networking. He
has helped develop systems and solutions for such organizations as
Advanced Research Projects Agency (ARPA) think tanks, Bell
Telephone Laboratories, ITT, Prudential Securities, Telcordia (Bell
Communications Research), AT&T, Leading Edge Networks, Capital
One Financial, SES Americom, New York University, Rutgers
University, Stevens Institute of Technology, and Société
Générale de Financement du Québec. His columns have
been published in Computerworld, Network World, and Network
Computing.

Taieb Znati, PhD, is a Professor in the Department of
Computer Science at the University of Pittsburgh. Dr. Znati's
recent work focuses on the design and analysis of network protocols
for wired and wireless communications, sensor networks, network
security, agent-based technology with collaborative environments,
and middleware.

Zusammenfassung
Infrastructure for Homeland Security Environments

Wireless Sensor Networks helps readers discover the emerging field of low-cost standards-based sensors that promise a high order of spatial and temporal resolution and accuracy in an ever-increasing universe of applications. It shares the latest advances in science and engineering paving the way towards a large plethora of new applications in such areas as infrastructure protection and security, healthcare, energy, food safety, RFID, ZigBee, and processing.

Unlike other books on wireless sensor networks that focus on limited topics in the field, this book is a broad introduction that covers all the major technology, standards, and application topics. It contains everything readers need to know to enter this burgeoning field, including current applications and promising research and development; communication and networking protocols; middleware architecture for wireless sensor networks; and security and management.

The straightforward and engaging writing style of this book makes even complex concepts and processes easy to follow and understand. In addition, it offers several features that help readers grasp the material and then apply their knowledge in designing their own wireless sensor network systems:

• Examples illustrate how concepts are applied to the development and application of

• wireless sensor networks

• Detailed case studies set forth all the steps of design and implementation needed to solve real-world problems

• Chapter conclusions that serve as an excellent review by stressing the chapter's key concepts

• References in each chapter guide readers to in-depth discussions of individual topics

  This book is ideal for networking designers and engineers who want to fully exploit this new technology and for government employees who are concerned about homeland security. With its examples, it is appropriate for use as a coursebook for upper-level undergraduates and graduate students.

Inhalt

Preface xi

About the Authors xiii

1 Introduction and Overview of Wireless Sensor Networks 1

1.1 Introduction, 1

1.1.1 Background of Sensor Network Technology, 2

1.1.2 Applications of Sensor Networks, 10

1.1.3 Focus of This Book, 12

1.2 Basic Overview of the Technology, 13

1.2.1 Basic Sensor Network Architectural Elements, 15

1.2.2 Brief Historical Survey of Sensor Networks, 26

1.2.3 Challenges and Hurdles, 29

1.3 Conclusion, 31

References, 31

2 Applications of Wireless Sensor Networks 38

2.1 Introduction, 38

2.2 Background, 38

2.3 Range of Applications, 42

2.4 Examples of Category 2 WSN Applications, 50

2.4.1 Home Control, 51

2.4.2 Building Automation, 53

2.4.3 Industrial Automation, 56

2.4.4 Medical Applications, 57

2.5 Examples of Category 1 WSN Applications, 59

2.5.1 Sensor and Robots, 60

2.5.2 Reconfigurable Sensor Networks, 62

2.5.3 Highway Monitoring, 63

2.5.4 Military Applications, 64

2.5.5 Civil and Environmental Engineering Applications, 67

2.5.6 Wildfire Instrumentation, 68

2.5.7 Habitat Monitoring, 68

2.5.8 Nanoscopic Sensor Applications, 69

2.6 Another Taxonomy of WSN Technology, 69

2.7 Conclusion, 71

References, 71

3 Basic Wireless Sensor Technology 75

3.1 Introduction, 75

3.2 Sensor Node Technology, 76

3.2.1 Overview, 76

3.2.2 Hardware and Software, 78

3.3 Sensor Taxonomy, 80

3.4 WN Operating Environment, 84

3.5 WN Trends, 87

3.6 Conclusion, 91

References, 91

4 Wireless Transmission Technology and Systems 93

4.1 Introduction, 93

4.2 Radio Technology Primer, 94

4.2.1 Propagation and Propagation Impairments, 94

4.2.2 Modulation, 101

4.3 Available Wireless Technologies, 103

4.3.1 Campus Applications, 105

4.3.2 MAN/WAN Applications, 120

4.4 Conclusion, 131

Appendix A: Modulation Basics, 131

References, 139

5 Medium Access Control Protocols for Wireless Sensor Networks 142

5.1 Introduction, 142

5.2 Background, 143

5.3 Fundamentals of MAC Protocols, 144

5.3.1 Performance Requirements, 145

5.…