This book is a comprehensive study on the phonetic characteristics of citation tones in Chaoshan Chinese. It presents the tonal patterns of 65 localities in the Chaoshan area under the "multiple-register and four level" tonal model. Three case studies are conducted to delve into the evolutionary paths of Chaoshan tones. This book not only provides a large-scale typological study on Chaoshan Chinese, but also offers a good example of how to figure out the evolutionary paths of tones from the perspective of variation. The natural alliance of phonetics, historical linguistics, sociolinguistics, and dialect geography is reinforced. It is also suggested in this book that the joint use of these four disciplines is very promising for the study of Chinese.

Autorentext
Jingfen Zhang is Associate Professor at the College of Humanities and Education, Foshan University, China. She received Ph.D in Linguistics from the Hong Kong University of Science and Technology in 2017. Her research interests include experimental phonetics, evolutionary phonology and dialectology. She is currently in charge of a philosophy and social science research project funded by the Ministry of Education of China and has finished two language protection projects.

Inhalt
Acknowledgements List of figuresList of tablesAbstractChapter 1 Introduction1.1 General introduction to Chaoshan Chinese1.2 Theoretical background1.2.1 Multi-register and four-level tonal model1.2.2 Universal tonal inventories1.2.3 Tono-type and tonal pattern1.3 Methodology1.3.1 Fieldwork corpus1.3.2 Information of informants1.3.3 Data collection and analysis1.4 Research Goals1.5 Statement of significance1.6 Outline of the bookChapter 2 Literature review2.1 Previous studies on Chaoshan Chinese2.1.1 Descriptive reports2.1.2 Comparative studies2.1.3 Acoustic phonetics2.2 The development of tonal models devised to delineate tones2.3 Tonal typology and tone evolution2.3.1 The mechanism of sound change2.3.2 Tonal typology2.3.3 Tone evolution2.4 SummaryChapter 3 Tonal patterns within the Chaoshan area3.1 Pattern A: Falling-level-level-level-low-rising3.2 Pattern B: Falling-falling-level-level-low-rising3.3 Pattern C: Falling-level-level-low-rising-rising3.4 Pattern D: Falling-falling-level-low-rising-rising3.5 Pattern E: Falling-falling-level-low-rising3.6 Pattern F: Falling-level-level-low-rising3.7 Pattern G: Falling-falling-level-level-low-high3.8 Pattern H: Falling-falling-level-level-level-low3.9 Pattern I: Falling-falling-falling-level-low3.10 Pattern J: Falling-falling-level-level-low3.11 Pattern K: Falling-falling-level-level-rising3.12 Three other patterns3.13 Three main types: the dialectical classification of Chaoshan Chinese3.14 The tono-types of MC tones within the Chaoshan areaChapter 4 The tonal chain shifts in the Huipu area4.1 General introduction to the Huipu area4.2 The special phonation in T2a4.3 The downward chain shift of falling tones4.4 The upward chain shift of rising tones4.5 V-shaped tonal shift4.5.1 From Jinghai to Liusha4.5.2 The significant role of the pure low tone4.5.3 More chian shift evolutions of tone in Chinese dialects4.6 Non-natural merger of tones due to language contact4.7 The downward chain shift of level tones4.8 The further development of T2a in central Huilai County4.9 SummaryChapter 5 Tonal changes in the Chaoyang area5.1 General introduction to the Chaoyang area5.2 Changes in the production of T2a in the Chaoyang area5.2.1 Age-related differences parallel with geographic variations5.2.2 A perceptual experiment on T2a of Lugang dialect5.2.3 Listener as an initiator in tonal changes5.3 The chain shift of tones in Miancheng dialect5.3.1 Tones involved in the chain shift5.3.2 A pull chain or a push chain?5.4 Tonal changes in Haimen dialect5.5 Tonal changes in Dahao dialect5.6 Tonal changes in Guiyu dialect5.7 The motive behind the tonal changes in the Chaoyang area5.8 SummaryChapter 6 The evolution of checked tones6.1 General introduction6.2 Different stages in the development of checked tones6.3 Different phonation types of checked tones6.3.1 Two basic forms of checked tone syllables in Chaoshan dialect6.3.2 What is the so-called glottal stop?6.3.3 Different phonetic manifestations of T4a and T4b6.4 Experimental measures of acoustic cues for phonations in T4a and T4b6.4.1 Acoustic measures6.4.2 Stimuli6.4.3 Informant6...