Alan Turing has long proved a subject of fascination, but following the centenary of his birth in 2012, the code-breaker, computer pioneer, mathematician (and much more) has become even more celebrated with much media coverage, and several meetings, conferences and books raising public awareness of Turing's life and work. This volume will bring together contributions from some of the leading experts on Alan Turing to create a comprehensive guide to Turing that will serve as a useful resource for researchers in the area as well as the increasingly interested general reader. The book will cover aspects of Turing's life and the wide range of his intellectual activities, including mathematics, code-breaking, computer science, logic, artificial intelligence and mathematical biology, as well as his subsequent influence.

Autorentext

Jack Copeland FRS NZ is Distinguished Professor in Arts at the University of Canterbury, New Zealand, where he is Director of the Turing Archive for the History of Computing. He has been script advisor and scientific consultant for a number of recent documentaries about Turing. Jack is Co-Director of the Turing Centre at the Swiss Federal Institute of Technology (ETH), Zurich, and also Honorary Research Professor in the School of Historical and Philosophical Inquiry at the University of Queensland, Australia. In 2012 he was Royden B. Davis Visiting Chair of Interdisciplinary Studies in the Department of Psychology at Georgetown University, Washington DC, and in 2015-16 was a Fellow at the Institute for Advanced Studies in Israel. A Londoner by birth, he earned a D.Phil. in mathematical logic from the University of Oxford, where he was taught by Turing's great friend Robin Gandy. Robin Wilson is an Emeritus Professor of Pure Mathematics at the Open University, UK, and of Geometry at Gresham College, London. After graduating from Oxford, he received his Ph.D. degree in number theory from the University of Pennsylvania. He has written and co-edited many books on graph theory and the history of mathematics, including Four Colors Suffice and Combinatorics: Ancient & Modern. His historical research interests include British mathematics and the history of graph theory and combinatorics, and he has been President of the British Society for the History of Mathematics. An enthusiastic popularizer of mathematics, he won two awards for expository writing from the Mathematical Association of America. Mark Sprevak is a Senior Lecturer in Philosophy at the University of Edinburgh. His primary research interests are in philosophy of mind, philosophy of science, and metaphysics, with particular focus on the cognitive sciences. He has published articles in, among other places, The Journal of Philosophy, The British Journal for the Philosophy of Science, Synthese, Philosophy, Psychiatry & Psychology, and Studies in History and Philosophy of Science. His book The Computational Mind is forthcoming from Routledge. Jonathan P. Bowen FBCS FRSA is Emeritus Professor of Computing at London South Bank University, where he established and headed the Centre for Applied Formal Methods in 2000. During 2013-15 he was Professor of Computer Science at Birmingham City University. Previously he was a lecturer at the University of Reading, a senior researcher at the Oxford University Computing Laboratory's Programming Research Group, and a research assistant at Imperial College, London. Since 1977 he has been involved with the field of computing in both academia and industry. His books include: Formal Specification and Documentation using Z; High-Integrity System Specification and Design; Formal Methods: State of the Art and New Directions; and Electronic Visualisation in Arts and Culture.

Inhalt

Biography; 1 JACK COPELAND and JONATHAN BOWEN: Life and work; 2 SIR JOHN DERMOT TURING: The man with the terrible trousers; 3 PETER HILTON: Meeting a genius; 4 JACK COPELAND: Crime and punishment; THE UNIVERSAL MACHINE AND BEYOND; 5 STEPHEN WOLFRAM: A century of Turing; 6 JACK COPELAND: Turing's great invention: the universal computing machine; 7 JACK COPELAND: Hilbert and his famous problem; 8 BRIAN RANDELL: Turing and the origins of digital computers; CODEBREAKER; 9 JACK COPELAND: At Bletchley Park; 10 JOEL GREENBERG: The Enigma machine; 11 MAVIS BATEY: Breaking machines with a pencil; 12 JACK COPELAND, with JEAN VALENTINE and CATHERINE CAUGHEY: Bombes; 13 EDWARD SIMPSON: Introducing Banburismus; 14 JACK COPELAND: Tunny, Hitler's biggest fish; 15 ELEANOR IRELAND: We were the world's first computer operators; 16 JERRY ROBERTS: The Testery: breaking Hitler's most secret code; 17 BRIAN RANDELL: Ultra revelations; 18 JACK COPELAND: Delilah - encrypting speech; 19 SIMON GREENISH and JONATHAN BOWEN: Saving the Park; COMPUTERS AFTER THE WAR; 20 JACK COPELAND: The Manchester Baby; 21 MARTIN CAMPBELL-KELLY: ACE, London's first computer; 22 BRIAN E. CARPENTER and ROBERT W. DORAN: Turing's Zeitgeist; 23 JACK COPELAND and JASON LONG: Computer music; 24 DORON SWADE: Turing, Lovelace, and Babbage; ARTIFICIAL INTELLIGENCE AND THE MIND; 25 JACK COPELAND: Intelligent machinery; 26 MARK SPREVAK: Turing's model of the mind; 27 DIANE PROUDFOOT: The Turing test - from every angle; 28 DIANE PROUDFOOT: Turing's concept of intelligence; 29 JACK COPELAND and DIANE PROUDFOOT: Connectionism: computing with neurons; 30 DIANE PROUDFOOT: Child machines; 31 JACK COPELAND and DANI PRINZ: Computer chess - the first moments; 32 DAVID LEAVITT: Turing and the paranormal; BIOLOGICAL GROWTH; 33 MARGARET BODEN: Pioneer of artificial life; 34 THOMAS E. WOOLLEY, RUTH BAKER, and PHILIP MAINI: Turing's theory of morphogenesis; 35 BERNARD RICHARDS: Radiolaria: validating the Turing theory; Mathematics; 36 ROBIN WHITTY and ROBIN WILSON: Introducing Turing's mathematics; 37 ROBIN WHITTY: Decidability and the Entscheidungsproblem; 38 EDWARD SIMPSON: Banburismus revisited: depths and Bayes; 39 ROD DOWNEY: Turing and randomness; 40 IVOR GRATTAN-GUINNESS: Turing's mentor, Max Newman; Finale; 41 JACK COPELAND, ORON SHAGRIR, and MARK SPREVAK: Is the whole universe a computer?; 42 JONATHAN BOWEN: Turing's legacy