A basic issue for all those essaying to write comprehensive texts on the nature of psychoanalysis, whether oriented primarily to the exposition of the theory or of the technique of psychoanalysis, - within the American literature the books by Brenner and by Greenson come to mind as exemplars of the two categories - is that of the relationship of the theory to the technique and the practice. This issue is however not always brought into explicit focus in this literature and thereby its problematic nature as a fundamental and not yet satisfactorily re­ solved dilemma of our discipline is often glossed over, or even by­ passed completely, as if we could comfortably assume that Freud had, uniquely in the world's intellectual history, fully succeeded in creating a science and a discipline in which the theory (the understanding) and the therapy (i. e. , the cure) were inherently together and truly the same, but two sides of the same coin.

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1 Psychoanalysis: The Current State.- 1.1 Our Position.- 1.2 The Psychoanalyst's Contribution.- 1.3 Crisis of Theory.- 1.4 Metaphors.- 1.5 Training.- 1.6 Directions and Currents.- 1.7 Sociocultural Change.- 1.8 Convergences.- 2 Transference and Relationship.- 2.1 Transference as Repetition.- 2.2 Suggestion, Suggestibility, and Transference.- 2.3 Dependence of Transference Phenomena on Technique.- 2.4 Transference Neurosis as an Operational Concept.- 2.5 A Controversial Family of Concepts: Real Relationship, Therapeutic Alliance, Working Alliance, and Transference.- 2.6 The New Object as Subject: From Object Relationship Theory to Two-Person Psychology.- 2.7 The Recognition of Actual Truths.- 2.8 The Here-and-Now in a New Perspective.- 3 Countertransference.- 3.1 Countertransference: The Cinderella in Psychoanalysis.- 3.2 Countertransference in Its New Guise.- 3.3 Consequences and Problems of the Comprehensive Conception.- 3.4 Concordance and Complementarity of Countertransference.- 3.5 Should the Analyst Admit Countertransference?.- 4 Resistance.- 4.1 General Factors.- 4.1.1 Classification of the Forms of Resistance.- 4.1.2 Function of Resistance in Regulating Relationships.- 4.1.3 Resistance and Defense.- 4.2 Anxiety and the Protective Function of Resistance.- 4.3 Repression and Transference Resistance.- 4.4 Id and Superego Resistance.- 4.4.1 The Negative Therapeutic Reaction.- 4.4.2 Aggression and Destructiveness: Beyond the Mythology of Instinct.- 4.5 Secondary Gain from Illness.- 4.6 Identity Resistance and the Safety Principle.- 5 Interpretation of Dreams.- 5.1 Dreams and Sleep.- 5.2 Dream Thinking.- 5.3 Day Residue and Infantile Wish.- 5.3.1 Wish Fulfillment Theory: A Unifying Principle of Explanation.- 5.3.2 Self-Representation and Problem Solving.- 5.4 Self-Representation Theory and Its Consequences.- 5.5 Technique.- 5.5.1 Freud's Recommendations and Later Extensions.- 6 The Initial Interview and the Latent Presence of Third Parties.- 6.1 The Problem.- 6.2 Diagnosis.- 6.3 Therapeutic Aspects.- 6.4 Decision Process.- 6.5 The Patient's Family.- 6.5.1 The Burden on the Family.- 6.5.2 Typical Situations.- 6.6 Third-Party Payment.- 6.6.1 Psychoanalysis and the German Health Insurance System.- 6.6.2 The Impact on the Psychoanalytic Process.- 7 Rules.- 7.1 The Multiple Functions of Psychoanalytic Rules.- 7.2 Free Association: The Fundamental Rule of Therapy.- 7.2.1 Features and Development.- 7.2.2 Instructing the Patient About the Fundamental Rule.- 7.2.3 Free Association in the Analytic Process.- 7.3 Evenly Suspended Attention.- 7.4 The Psychoanalytic Dialogue and the Counterquestion Rule: To Answer or Not to Answer, That Is the Question.- 7.4.1 The Foundation and History of the Stereotype.- 7.4.2 Rules Governing Cooperation and Discourse.- 7.4.3 Object Finding and Dialogue.- 8 Means, Ways, and Goals.- 8.1 Time and Place.- 8.2 Psychoanalytic Heuristics.- 8.3 Specific and Nonspecific Means.- 8.3.1 General Points of View.- 8.3.2 Remembering and Reconstruction.- 8.3.3 Intervention, Reaction, and Insight.- 8.3.4 New Beginning and Regression.- 8.4 Transference Interpretations and Reality.- 8.5 Silence.- 8.6 Acting Out.- 8.7 Working Through.- 8.8 Learning and Restructuring.- 8.9 Termination.- 8.9.1 General Considerations.- 8.9.2 Duration and Limitation.- 8.9.3 Criteria for Termination.- 8.9.4 The Postanalytic Phase.- 9 The Psychoanalytic Process.- 9.1 Function of Process Models.- 9.2 Features of Process Models.- 9.3 Models of the Psychoanalytic Process.- 9.4 The Ulm Process Model.- 10 Relationship Between Theory and Practice.- 10.1 Freud's Prize Question.- 10.2 Psychoanalytic Practice in Light of the Inseparable Bond.- 10.3 The Context of Justification of Change Knowledge.- 10.4 The Differing Requirements for Theories of Pure and Applied Science.- 10.5 Consequences for Therapeutic Action and for the Scientific Justification of Theory.- References.- Name Index.