This book describes the 110 years of the Astrophysical Observatory in Potsdam (AOP) as the cradle of European astrophysics up to its disappearance in the 1980s. The first part consists of reviews on the work of the leading astronomers before the Academy reform, while the following part also contains memories of the author until the end of the Akademie der Wissenschaften and the end of the entire GDR as well as the formation 1991/92 of the Astrophysical Institute Potsdam (AIP) on the grounds of the Sternwarte Babelsberg in the course of the German unification.

The history of astrophysics on Potsdam's Telegraphenberg includes triumph and tragedies. It began with Hermann Vogel's discovery of the spectroscopic binary stars, Spörer's discovery of the Maunder Minimum of solar activity and Hartmann's clever argumentation on the existence of interstellar gas. Schwarzschild wrote from the war front to Einstein that gravitational waves should exist and Grotrian revealed the secret of the red corona line; later the dynamo theory of the origin of cosmic magnetic fields will migrate worldwide from here.

But the Great Refractor turned out to be too large, the hastily erected Einstein Tower also failed to achieve the desired success, Ludendorff drove its multi-talented master mind Freundlich away, and the tower was even planned to be completely removed. Walter Grotrian was not able to start work with his new coronograph, and all the candidates for his succession later declined. The reorganization of the Akademie der Wissenschaften zu Berlin into a socialistic state combine led to isolation and the suppression of the innovation pressure; dubious figures began to torpedo the research through invisible channels.

Autorentext

Günther Rüdiger was born in Dresden in 1944 and received is education in astrophysics at Friedrich-Schiller University Jena through 1963-1968. From 1968-2009 he worked in Potsdam (until 1983 Astrophysikalisches Observatorium Potsdam), He has been Member of Evaluating Committee of DARA (Extraterrestric research) from 1991-1996. From 1992-2009 he was head of the section MHD and Turbulence in Leibniz-Institut für Astrophysik Potsdam. 1995 he became Professor for Astrophysics at the University of Potsdam. In 1998 he was was Visiting Professor Dept. Applied Math. at University of Newcastle upon Tyne. In 2008 he received the Wissenschaftspreis Stifterverband der deutschen Wissenschaft (with F. Stefani, Dresden-Rossendorf).

Prof Rüdiger is author of 3 monographs: Rüdiger: Differential rotation and stellar convection (Gordon& Breach, 1989), Rüdiger/Hollerbach: The magnetic Universe (Wiley, 2004) Rüdiger/Hollerbach/Kitchatinov: Magnetic processes in astrophysics (Wiley, 2013). He published 266 refereed publicatitions. For 15 years he was the Managing Editor of Astronomical News / Astronomische Nachrichten (Wiley).