This book analyses the effectiveness of policies adopted in cluster promotion, using complexity thinking and evolutionary economic geography approaches. It studies cluster dynamics in transition economies, exploring the case of Albania.

In developing countries, the 'model' of the developed countries, is often seen as the endpoint of a trajectory that must be followed meticulously, implying a view on modernization as a linear and uniform process. They tend to import policies from these 'success models' showing minimal regard to their context and institutional capabilities; therefore, more often than not, such policies show little effectiveness. This research on cluster policies in Albania confirms this. It suggests that in Albania there is a need to revise the way of thinking about clusters, considering them first and foremost as relational networks, instead of physically bound industrial districts.

While there is questioning of top-down policies and the national innovation systems prerogative, the suggested model by this research, in line with some of the most recent policy frameworks, advocates the need for flexibility, bottom-up initiatives and place-based approaches.

By means of conclusion, the book comes up with an alternative model of territorial policies for cluster development, shifting from 'static' towards 'dynamic' planning.

Autorentext

Elona Karafili is a qualified professional in the field of urban economics. Elona is a lecturer and researcher at POLIS University, Tirana, Albania since 2007.

Her main topics of interest and expertise include regional economic development and territorial competitiveness, which she has explored through a number of projects that focus on place-based innovation.

She holds a PhD in Urban Planning from Ferrara University and Polis University.

Inhalt

1. INTRODUCTION 1.1. Methodology 1.2. Approach 2. ECONOMIC CLUSTERS AND REGIONAL COMPETITIVENESS Defining the concepts 2.1. Regional Competitiveness 2.2. Clusters 2.2.1. Cluster Features 2.2.2. Do institutions play a role? 2.2.3. Cluster Actors 2.3. The role of clusters in regional competitiveness 3. CLUSTER POLICIES 3.1. Cluster Policies 3.2. Cluster policies in transition economies 4. CLUSTER DYNAMICS IN ALBANIA 4.1. Albania's competitiveness 4.2. Top-Down Cluster Dynamics 4.3. Bottom - Up Cluster Dynamics 5. DYNAMIC PLANNING FOR CLUSTER DEVELOPMENT 5.1. Towards a new model of planning policies for cluster development 5.2. Conclusions & Recommendations