This volume contains most of the papers presented at the First International Symposium on The Effect of Prolonged Drug Usage on Fetal Development held at the Beit-Berl Convention Center, Kfar Saba, Israel, on September 14 - 17, 1971. In order to obtain an overview of the effect of drugs on fetal development, it appeared desirable to gather the opinions of noted investigators regarding the goals already achieved and the future potential of prevention of fetal disorders due to drugs. More than one hundred and sixty scientists from fifteen countries participated, and over forty presented data which were collected in extensive laboratory, clinical and field studies. This small, comparatively informal, International Symposium was held in a relaxed environment and provided a suitable forum for scientists in many differing lines of research to evaluate together the recent advances in the role of drugs as teratogenic agents and methods for the rapid uncovering of the teratogenic potential of drugs to mankind.

Inhalt

Chairman's Introductory Address.- Congenital Malformations through the Ages.- Human Experiences Related to Adverse Drug Reactions to the Fetus or Neonate from Some Maternally Administered Drugs.- Drug Testing for Teratogenicity: Its Implications, Limitations and Application to Man.- Sporadic Malformations in Laboratory Animals and Their Influence on Drug Testing.- Fetal Outcome from Prolonged Versus Acute y Drug Administration in the Pregnant Rat.- Multiphasic Screening, a Contribution to the Methodology of Teratological Research.- Study of Carbohydrate Metabolism in the Newborn Rat as a Tool for Evaluating Effects of Drugs Administered During Pregnancy.- Effects of Chemical Agents on Protein Biosynthesis During Embryonic Development.- Effect of Natural Teratogens in Poisonous Plants on Fetal Development in Domestic Animals.- The Action of Different Pesticides on the Development of Bird Embryos.- Phenothiazine Tranquillizers: Effect of Prolonged Intake.- The Teratogenic Effect of Cosmetic Constituents on the Chick Embryo.- Limb Malformation Production in Chicken Embryos Treated with Nitrogen Mustard at 48 Hours of Incubation.- Development of the Chick Embryo Limb Buds after Treatment with Nitrogen Mustard, X-Ray Irradiation, or In Vitro Culture.- The Effect and Mode of Action of Tetracycline on Bone Development In Vitro.- Anomalous Fetal and Neonatal Bone Development Induced by Administration of Cortisone and Vitamin D2 to Pregnant Rats.- Aspects of Steroidal Influence on Fetal Development.- The Effects of Cortisone and of Estradiol Given to Pregnant Rats on the Structural Differentiation of the Adrenal Cortex and the Ovary in their Offspring.- Interdependence of Fetal Anomalies and Placental Impairment Following Maternal Hypervitaminosis D and Hypercortisonism.- Transplacental and Neonatal Effects of Hypercortisonism in the Rat on Thymo-Lumphatic System Differentiation and Serum Immunoglobulin Levels.- Pharmacological Modification of Glutathione and NADP+ Reduction.- The Use of an Incubator in Detecting Drug-Induced J Congenital Malformations.- The Effect of Prolonged Chloramphenicol and Oxytetracycline Application on Fetal Development.- Embryotoxic Effects Produced by Magnesium Deficiency in Rats.- The Effect of Organic Mercury on Intrauterine Life.- Fetal Membrane Adhesions and Congenital Malformations.- Maternal-Fetal Transport of Iron and Iodine in Human Subjects.- Observations on Effects of Analgetic Drugs on Mother and Fetus: Comparison Between Systemic and Local Drug Application During Labor.- The Effect of Insulin Treatment on Fetal Mortality and Congenital Malformations in Diabetic Pregnant Women.- The Effects of Insulin on Fetal Development in "Gestational Diabetes".- The Role of Growth Hormone on Fetal Development in Utero.- The Use of Antiserotonin-Cyproheptadine HCl in Pregnancy: An Experimental and Clinical Study.- A Case of Sacro-Coccygeal Teratoma in a Newborn after Maternal Treatment with Human Gonadotropins.- Rubella Vaccine - Drug or Menace.- Intra-Uterine Diagnosis of Birth Defects.- Methodologie Problems Encountered in Investigating the Possible Teratogenic Effects of Drugs.- A Retrospective Enquiry into Possible Teratogenic Effects of Drugs in Pregnancy.- The Effect of Prolonged Drug Usage on Fetal Development. An Epidemiological Approach.- Drug Usage and Fetal Development: Preliminary Evaluations of a Prospective Investigation.- The Use of Medicines Before and During Pregnancy - Preliminary Results from an Epidemiological Study of Congenital Defects.- Patterns of Medication in Early Pregnancy: A Preliminary Report from the Jerusalem Perinatal Study.- On the Possible Teratogenicity of Antibiotic Drugs Administered During Pregnancy - A Prospective Study.- Some Epidemiological Aspects of Central Nervous System Malformations in Manitoba.- An Outbreak of Arthrogryposis and Hydranencephaly Syndrome Affecting Calves in Israel: A Retrospective Epidemiological Study.- List of Symposium Participants.