Dendritic Cells in Fundamental and Clinical Immunology

These proceedings contain selected contributions from the participants to the Fourth International Symposium on Dendritic cells that was held in Venice (Lido) Italy, from Oc­ tober 5 to 10, 1996. The symposium was attended by more than 500 scientists coming from 24 different countries. Studies on dendritic cells (DC) have been greatly hampered by the difficulties in preparing sufficient cell numbers and in a reasonable pure form. At this meeting it has been shown that large quantities of DC can be generated from precursors in both mice and humans, and this possibility has enormously encouraged studies aimed to characterize DC physiology and DC-specific genes, and to employ DC therapeutically as adjuvants for im­ munization. The possibility of generating large numbers of autologous DC that can be used in the manipulation of the immune response against cancer and infectious diseases has tremendously boosted dendritic cell research and the role of DC in a number of medi­ cal areas has been heatedly discussed.

Inhalt

Dendritic Cell Development and Migration.- Dendritic Cell Development and Maturation.- Generation of Mature Dendritic Cells from Human Blood.- Growth and Differentiation of Human Dendritic Cells from CD34+ Progenitors.- CD34+ Hematopoietic Progenitors from Human Cord Blood Differentiate Along two Independent Dendritic Cell Pathways in Response to GM-CSF+TNF?.- Myeloid DCs Deduced from Monocytes.- Dramatic Numerical Increase of Functionally Mature Dendritic Cells in FLT3 Ligand-Treated Mice.- Selective Expression of Human Fascin (p55) by Dendritic Leukocytes.- Dendritic-Like Cells from relB Mutant Mice.- Driving Gene Expression Specifically in Dendritic Cells.- Checkpoints and Functional Stages in DC Maturation.- T Cell-Mediated Terminal Maturation of Dendritic cells.- Migration of Cultured Chimpanzee Dendritic Cells Following Intravenous and Subcutaneous Injection.- The Liver Sinusoids as a Specialized Site for Blood-Lymph Translocation of Rat Dendritic Cells.- Regulation of CD44 Isoform Expression and CD44-Mediated Signaling in Human Dendritic Cells.- Mouse Spleen Dendritic Cells.- Migration of Dendritic Cells in 3D-Collagen Lattices.- Dendritic Cells of the Murine Peyer's Patches Colocalize with Salmonella Typhimurium Avirulent Mutants in the Subepithelial Dome.- The Role of CD11c+ Cells as Possible Candidates for Immature Dendritic Cells in the Murine Peyer's Patches.- The Influence of Collagen, Fibronectin, and Laminin on the Maturation of Dendritic Cell Progenitors Propagated from Normal or Flt3-Ligand-Treated Mouse Liver.- Stimulation of Langerhans Cell Migration in Mice by Tumour Necrosis Factor ? and Interleukin 1?.- Langerhans Cells Require Signals from Both Tumour Necrosis Factor ? and Interleukin 1? for Migration.- ?6 Integrins are Required for Langerhans Cell Migration.- Functional Expression and Modulation of C5a Receptor (CD88) on Skin Dendritic Cells.- Unilineage Dendritic Cell Cultures Generated by Purified Human Hematopoietic Progenitor Cells.- CD14 is Expressed by Subsets of Murine Dendritic Cells and Upregulated by Lipopolysaccharide.- TGF-?1 Dependent Generation of LAG+ Dendritic Cells from CD34+ Progenitors in Serum-Free Medium.- Antigen Uptake, Processing, and Presentation.- A Newly Identified Antigen Retention Compartment in the FSDC Precursor Dendritic Cell Line.- Mannose Receptor Mediated Uptake of Antigens Strongly Enhances HLA-Class II Restricted Antigen Presentation by Cultured Dendritic Cells.- Mechanisms of Fc?RI-IgE-Facilitated Allergen Presentation by Dendritic Cells.- Localization and Intracellular Transport of MHC Class II Molecules in Bone Marrow-Derived Dendritic Cells.- Mannose Receptor Mediated Antigen Uptake and Presentation in Human Dendritic Cells.- Enhanced Antigen Presenting Cell Function Following in Vivo Priming.- Dendritic Cells from Mice Lacking the Invariant Chain Express High Levels of Membrane MHC Class II Molecules in Vivo.- T Lymphocyte Mediated Regulation of Costimulator Molecule Expression on Human Dendritic Cells.- Activation of Immature Dendritic Cells Via Membrane Sialophorin (CD43).- Processing of Exogenous Protein Antigen by Murine Dendritic Cells for Presentation to Cytotoxic T Lymphocytes.- The TH1 Lymphokine Interferon-? is a Potent Upregulator of Dendritic Cells with Phagocytic Capacity in GM-CSF Supplemented Bone Marrow Cultures.- Functional Role of CD101 on Skin Dendritic Cells.- Presentation of Tetanus Toxoid to Autologous T Cells by Dendritic Cells Generated from Human Blood.- DC and Tolerance.- The Regulation of T Cell Responses by a Subpopulation of CD8+DEC205+ Murine Dendritic Cells.- Constructing Artificial Antigen-Presenting Cells from Drosophila Cells.- Role of Dendritic Cells in Induction of Tolerance and Immunity in Vivo.- B7-2+ Low Density APCS are as Effective as B7-2? Small Resting B Cells in Inducing Specific Unresponsiveness to Minor Histocompatibility (miH) Antigen(S) in Vivo.- An Attempt to Induce Tolerance with Infusion of Donor Bone Marrow in Organ Allograft Recipients.- Blocking of the B7-CD28 Pathway Increases the Capacity of FasL+ (CD95L+) Dendritic Cells to Kill Alloactivated T Cells.- Generation of Nitric Oxide by Mouse Dendritic Cells and Its Implications for Immune Response Regulation.- Dendritic Cells in the Autoimmune Insulitis in NOD Mouse Models of Diabetes.- Dendritic Cells in Inflammatory Responses in the CNS.- DC in Cytokine Networks.- Th-1/Th-2 Switch Regulation in Immune Responses to Inhaled Antigens.- Langerhans Cells in the TGF?1 Null Mouse.- Maturation and Migration of Murine Dendritic Cells in Situ.- Antigen Presentation and IL-12 Production by Dendritic Cells in Vivo.- IL-10 Prevents the Generation of Dendritic Cells from CD14+ Blood Monocytes, Promotes the Differentiation to Mature Macrophages and Stimulates Endocytosis of FITC-dextran.- Human Dendritic/Langerhans Cells Control Growth and Differentiation of CD40 Activated B Cells.- Activation of Dendritic Cells by Surrogate T Cell Interactions Leads to Enhanced Costimulation, Secretion of TH1-Associated Cytokines, and CTL Inductive Capacity.- Soluble CD16/Fc?RIII Induces Maturation of Dendritic Cells and Production of Several Cytokines Including IL-12.- Induction of Fc?RI? mRNA and Protein Synthesis by Interleukin 4 in CD34+ Cells-Derived Cd1a+ Dendritic Cells.- FACS-Sorted Spleen and Peyer's Patch Dendritic Cells Induce Different Responses in Th0 Clones.- Dendritic Cells, Obtained from Peripheral Blood Precursors in the Presence of PGE2, Promote Th2 Responses.- Dendritic Cells and Macrophages Induce the Development of Distinct T Helper Cell Populations in Vivo.- A Potential Pathway of Th2 Development during Primary Immune Response.- DC and Viral Infections.- Dendritic Cells as Immunogens for Human CTL Responses.- Dendritic Cells as Targets for Cytotoxic T Lymphocytes.- Cutaneous Dendritic Cells Promote Replication of Immunodeficiency Viruses.- Dendritic Cells Express and Use Multiple HIV Coreceptors.- In Vitro HIV Infection of Dendritic Cell Precursors.- The Role of Dendritic Cells in the Transport of HIV to Lymph Nodes Analysed in Mouse.- The HIV-1 Life Cycle is Blocked at Two Different Points in Mature Dendritic Cells.- Infection of Human Dendritic Cells by Measles Virus Induces Immune Suppression.- Immortalized Cell Lines with Dendritic Morphology Derived from Mice Lacking Both Type I and Type II Interferon Receptors Present MHC II Restricted Antigen to T Cells and Induce Mixed Leukocyte Reactions.- Infection of Human Thymic Dendritic Cells with HIV-1 Induces the Release of a Cytotoxic Factor(s).- Molecular Specializations.- Dendritic Cell Surface Molecules.- Analysis of Dendritic Cells at the Genetic Level.- Subtractive cDNA Cloning.- Increased Level of Phosphotyrosine in Human Dendritic Cells under Stimulation with Contact Sensitizers but Not Irritants.- Insulin-Like Growth Factor Type I (IGF-I) Supports Growth of V-relER Dendritic Cell Progenitors.- Differential mR…