In the last decade the techniques of social choice theory, game theory and positive political theory have been combined in interesting ways so as to pro­ vide a common framework for analyzing the behavior of a developed political economy. Social choice theory itself grew out of the innovative attempts by Ken­ neth Arrow (1951) and Duncan Black (1948, 1958) to extend the range of economic theory in order to deal with collective decision-making over public goods. Later work, by William Baumol (1952), and James Buchanan and Gordon Tullock (1962), focussed on providing an "economic" interpretation of democratic institutions. In the same period Anthony Downs (1957) sought to model representative democracy and elections while William Riker (1962) made use of work in cooperative game theory (by John von Neumann and Oscar Morgenstern, 1944) to study coalition behavior. In my view, these "rational choice" analyses of collective decision-making have their antecedents in the arguments of Adam Smith (1759, 1776), James Madison (1787) and the Marquis de Condorcet (1785) about the "design" of political institutions. In the introductory chapter to this volume I briefly describe how some of the current normative and positive aspects of social choice date back to these earlier writers.

Inhalt

Editor's Preface. Foreword; W.H. Riker. 1. Introduction: Research Programs in Preference and Belief Aggregation; N. Schofield. Part I: Social Choice. 2. An Introduction to Arrovian Social Welfare Functions on Economic and Political Domains; M. le Breton, J. Weymark. 3. Social Ranking of Allocations with and without Coalition Formation; D.E. Campbell. 4. Non Binary Social Choice: A Brief Introduction; Yongsheng Xu. 5. Election Relations and a Partial Ordering for Positional Voting; D.G. Saari. Part II: Elections and Committees. 6. Electing Legislatures; D. Austen- Smith. 7. Preference-Based Stability: Experiments on Cooperative Solutions to Majority Rule Games; C.L. Eavey. 8. The Heart of a Polity; N. Schofield. 9. Refinements of the Heart; D. Austen-Smith. Part III: Coalition Governments. 10. Bargaining in the Liberal Democratic Party of Japan; J. Wada, N. Schofield. 11. An Analysis of the Euskarian Parliament; F. Carreras, G. Owen. 12. Extending a Dynamic Model of Protocoalition Formation; B. Grofman. 13. The Sequential Dynamics of Cabinet Formation, Stochastic Error, and a Test of Competing Models; B. Grofman, et al. 14. Subgame-Perfect Portfolio Allocations in Parliamentary Government Formation; M. Laver, K. Shepsle. 15. The Costs of Coalition: The Italian Anomaly; C. Mershon. Part IV: Political Economy. 16. Models of Interest Groups: Four Different Approaches; J. Potters, F. van Winden. 17. Partisan Electoral Cycles and Monetary Policy Games; R.B. Morton. 18. Hypothesis Testing and Collective Decision-Making; K.K. Ladha. 19. Political Discourse, Factions, and the General Will: Correlated Voting and Condorcet's Jury Theorem; K.K. Ladha, G. Miller. Name Index. Subject Index.