Biotechnology for Fuels and Chemicals

In Biotechnology for Fuels and Chemicals: The Twenty-Third Symposium, leading US and international researchers from academia, industry, and government present state-of-the-art research on how biotechnology is being used to produce economically competitive fuels and chemicals. The articles range from a discussion of advances in biomass production and processing, to commercialization of bio-based products. Additional topics include enzyme and microbial biocatalysts, bioprocessing research and development, the pros and cons of mixing oil and ethanol, and emerging biorefinery opportunities. The field continues to expand, and the ideas and techniques described will play important roles in developing new biological processes for producing fuels and chemicals on a large scale, and for reducing pollution and waste disposal problems, and their adverse impacts on global climate change. Cutting-edge and authoritative, Biotechnology for Fuels and Chemicals: The Twenty-Third Symposium provides an excellent overview of current research and development in the production of commodity fuels and chemicals via biological transformation.

Klappentext

With the Twenty-Third Symposium, we sustained the tradition of providing an informal, congenial atmosphere that our participants find conducive to pursuing technical discussion of program topics. The techni­ cal program consisted of six sessions with 38 oral presentations, a roundtable forum, two special topic discussions and a poster session con­ sisting of 230 posters. A special luncheon talk on "Natural Capitalism" by Karl Rabago of the Rocky Mountain Institute was particularly enlightening. More infor­ mation on these provocative approaches to resources and societal needs can be found at their website, www.rmi.org. While plant biotechnology and genetically modified organisms (GMOs) for enzyme production and designer biomass emerged as exciting areas throughout the Symposium, the frank exchange in the special topic sessions indicated the importance of thinking beyond the purely technical details in this important research area. The preface for each session is included in the introductions. Session Chairpersons and Co-Chairpersons Session 1: Advances in Biomass Production and Processing Chair: Sharon Shoemaker, University of California, Davis, CA Co-Chair: David Boron, US Department of Energy, Washington DC Session 2: Enzyme and Microbial Biocatalysts Chair: Elba Bon, Chemistry Institute, UFRI, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil Co-Chair: Steve Picataggio, Dupont Central, Wilmington, DE Session 3: Bioprocess Research and Development Chair: Guido Zacchi, University of Lund, Lund, Sweden Co-Chair: Mark Holtzapple, Texas A&M University, College Station, TX Session 4: Oil and Ethanol: An Excellent Mix? Chair: Carol Tombari, Mountain Energy Consultation LLC, Conifer, CO Session 5: Emerging Biorefinery Opportunities

Inhalt

Session 1-Advances in Biomass Production and Processing.- to Session 1.- Two-Step Steam Pretreatment of Softwood with SO2 Impregnation for Ethanol Production.- Predicting Digestibility of Ammonia Fiber Explosion (AFEX)-Treated Rice Straw.- Improvement of Photosynthetic CO2 Fixation at High Light Intensity Through Reduction of Chlorophyll Antenna Size.- Dilute-Acid Hydrolysis of Sugarcane Bagasse at Varying Conditions.- SO2-Catalyzed Steam Explosion of Corn Fiber for Ethanol Production.- Chemical Pretreatments of Corn Stover for Enhancing Enzymatic Digestibility.- Technoeconomic Study on Steam Explosion Application in Biomass Processing.- Modeling of 2,4-Dichlorophenoxyacetic Acid Controlled-Release Kinetics from Lignin-Based Formulations.- Comparison of Aspen Wood Hydrolysates Produced by Pretreatment with Liquid Hot Water and Carbonic Acid.- Optimizing Ammonia Processing Conditions to Enhance Susceptibility of Legumes to Fiber Hydrolysis: Alfalfa.- Optimizing Ammonia Processing Conditions to Enhance Susceptibility of Legumes to Fiber Hydrolysis: Florigraze Rhizoma Peanut.- Effects of Operating Parameters on Countercurrent Extraction of Hemicellulosic Sugars from Pretreated Softwood.- Session 2-Enzyme and Microbial Biocatalysts.- to Session 2.- Production of Recombinant Bleaching Enzymes from Thermophilic Microorganisms in Fungal Hosts.- Hydrogen Production by the Thermophilic Bacterium Thermotoga neapolitana.- 4-Chlorophenol Degradation by Chloroperoxidase from Caldariomyces fumago: Formation of Insoluble Products.- Effect of kLa on the Production of Glucose 6-Phosphate Dehydrogenase from Saccharomyces cerevisiae Grown by Fermentation Process.- Steady-State Measurements of Lactic Acid Production in a Wild-Type and a Putative D-Lactic Acid Dehydrogenase-Negative Mutant of Zymomonas mobilis: Influence of Glycolytic Flux.- Enhanced Formation of Extracellular Lacease Activity by the White-Rot Fungus Trametes multicolor.- Presence and Physiologic Regulation of Alcohol Oxidase Activity in an Indigenous Fungus Isolated from Petroleum-Contaminated Soils.- Rapid Selection System of Strains with Higher Avicel Degrading Ability in a Cellulolytic Fungus, Trichoderma.- Effect of pH on the Stability of Hexokinase and Glucose 6-Phosphate Dehydrogenase.- Exploration of Cellulose Surface-Binding Properties of Acidothermus cellulolyticus Cel5A by Site-Specific Mutagenesis.- Use of Steam Explosion Liquor from Sugar Cane Bagasse for Lignin Peroxidase Production by Phanerochaete chrysosporium.- Isolation and Characterization of Thermophilic Benzothiophene-Degrading Mycobacterium sp..- A Technique for Mycelial Development of Ectomycorrhizal Fungi on Agar Media.- Screening of Soil Bacteria for Production of Biocleaner.- Reduction of Furfural to Furfuryl Alcohol by Ethanologenic Strains of Bacteria and Its Effect on Ethanol Production from Xylose.- Characterization of Heterologous and Native Enzyme Activity Profiles in Metabolically Engineered Zymomonas mobilis Strains During Batch Fermentation of Glucose and Xylose Mixtures.- Action of White-Rot Fungus Partus tigrinus on Sugarcane Bagasse: Evaluation of Selectivity.- Production of Chelating Agents Through the Enzymatic Oxidation of Acetosolv Sugarcane Bagasse Lignin.- Panus tigrinus Strains Used in Delignification of Sugarcane Bagasse Prior to Kraft Pulping.- Effect of Single Active-Site Cleft Mutation on Product Specificity in a Thermostable Bacterial Cellulase.- Foam Fractionation of a Dilute Solution of Bovine Lactoferrin.- Xylose Reductase and Xylitol Dehydrogenase Activities of Candida guilliermondii as a Function of Different Treatments of Sugarcane Bagasse Hemicellulosic Hydrolysate Employing Experimental Design.- Purification and Characterization of a Microbial Dehydrogenase: A Vanillin:NAD(P)+Oxidoreductase.- Performance Testing of Zymomonas mobilis Metabolically Engineered for Cofermentation of Glucose, Xylose, and Arabinose.- Influence of Oxygen Availability on Cell Growth and Xylitol Production by Candida guilliermondii.- Session 3 -Bioprocess Research and Development.- to Session 3.- Influence of Mixing Regime on Enzymatic Saccharification of Steam-Exploded Softwood Chips.- Hydrolysis of Lactose by ?-Glycosidase CelB from Hyperthermophilic Archaeon Pyrococcus furiosus: Comparison of Hollow-Fiber Membrane and Packed-Bed Immobilized Enzyme Reactors for Continuous Processing of Ultrahigh Temperature-Treated Skim Milk.- Use of Immobilized Candida Yeast Cells for Xylitol Production from Sugarcane Bagasse Hydrolysate: Cell ¡mobilization Conditions.- Purification and Characterization of a Lacease from the White-Rot Fungus Trametes multicolor.- Use of Measurement Uncertainty Analysis to Assess Accuracy of Carbon Mass Balance Closure for a Cellulase Production Process.- The Effect of Bioindicator Preparation and Storage on Thermal Resistance of Bacillus stearothermophilus Spores.- The Effect of Composition of Parenteral Solution on the Thermal Resistance of Bacillus stearothermophilus and Bacillus subtilis Spores.- Production of Acetone Butanol Ethanol from Deg…