Modern manufacturing systems involve many processes and operations at various hierarchical levels of decision, control and execution. New applications for systems are arising from the synergy of machines, tools, robots and computers with management and information technologies. Novel systems are designed and put into operation to manufacture old and new high-quality products with speed, accuracy and economy. This book contains over thirty papers that examine state-of-the-art and how-to-do issues, as well as new solutions. Topics covered include: Process planning/scheduling and machine-cell design Process monitoring, inspection, diagnosis and maintenance Forecasting, optimization and control Design and control of robotic automated crane systems Applications: including laser material processing, stereolithography systems, alimentary pasta processes and automated/robotic road construction and maintenance. The book explores key elements and critical factors, presents new results and tools that are applicable to real situations.

Inhalt

I: Process Planning-Scheduling and Machine Cell Design.- 1. Concepts for Integrating Process Planning and Production Scheduling.- 1. Introduction.- 2. Review of Previous Work.- 3. The Benefit from Processing Alternatives for Scheduling.- 4. Solving the Scheduling Problem.- 5. Summary.- 2. Intelligence in Computer-Aided Process Planning for Machining.- 1. Introduction.- 2. Process planning philosophy.- 3. Geometry Interface.- 4. The planning tasks.- 5. Data and Knowledge Representation.- 6. Data Interfaces.- 7. Conclusions.- References.- 3. Single and Multi-Machine Scheduling of Jobs in Production Systems.- 1. Introduction.- 2. Formulation of the single-machine scheduling problem.- 3. Multi-machine scheduling in production systems.- 4. Conclusion.- References.- 4. A Study of Self-Organization in a Production Environment.- 1. Introduction.- 2. A Case Study.- 3. Simulation results.- 4. Conclusion.- References.- 5. The Process Plan Sequence in Steel Structures Welding of Great Diesel Engines.- 1. Introduction.- 2. The Approach.- 3. Case study.- 4. Conclusions.- References.- 6. Design of Part-Machine Cells in Manufacturing Systems Using Mathematical Programming Techniques.- 1. Introduction.- 2. Mathematical Formulation.- 3. Illustrative Numerical Example.- 4. Conclusions.- References.- II : Process Monitoring, Inspection, Diagnosis and Maintenance.- 7. Knowledge Based Process Monitoring in Mass Production.- 1. Introduction.- 2. State of the Art of Set-up and Performance of Process Monitoring Systems.- 3. Monitoring of Internal Thread Forming.- 4. Conclusion.- References.- 8. Recent Developments in Automated Visual Inspection of Wood Boards.- 1. Introduction.- 2. Artificial Intelligence.- 3. Image Acquisition and Enhancement.- 4. Segmentation of Wood Board Images.- 5. Feature Selection.- 6. Classification of Wood Defects.- 7. Conclusion.- References.- 9. Automated Visual Quality Inspection of Printed Ceramic Dishes.- 1. Introduction.- 2. Image Acquisition and Filtering.- 3. Location and Orientation Phase.- 4. Grey-Scale Image Comparison Test : Quality Test.- 5. Experimental Results.- 6. Implementation.- 7. Conclusions.- References.- 10. Grafcet : Methodological and Formal Issues.- 1. Introduction.- 2. Syntax and semantics.- 3. Development methodologies.- 4. Validation of Grafcet.- 5. Control synthesis.- 6. Conclusion.- References.- 11. A Synergistic Self-Organizing System for Control Chart Pattern Recognition.- 1. Introduction.- 2. Training strategy for KART.- 3. Test strategy for KART.- 4. Simulation results.- 5. Conclusions.- References.- 12. Conveyor-Belt Diagnostic System Using Time- Frequency Analysis.- 1. Introduction.- 2. Basic construction of a conveyor-belt.- 3. Main troubles of conveyor-belt to be detected.- 4. Basic pattern of electric current of driving motor.- 5. Diagnostic system applying the Time-Frequency Analysis.- 6. Evaluation of system performance.- 7. Conclusion.- References.- 13. Integration of the Predictive Maintenance in Manufacturing System.- 1. Introduction.- 2. Predictive maintenance requirements.- 3. Predictive Maintenance System for Predictive Maintenance.- 4. Supervisory control for predictive maintenance.- 5. Integrated Supervisory Control and Predictive Maintenance System.- 6. Control Maintenance and Management System (CMMS): a solution for integration of predictive maintenance.- 7. Conclusion and prospect.- References.- 14. A Geometric Calibration Method for Single-Head-Cone- Beam X-Ray Systems.- 1. Introduction.- 2. Problem Statement.- 3. Geometric Parameters Estimation.- 4. Simulation Procedure.- 5. Simulation Results.- 6. Suggestions for Further Research.- References.- 15. A Tool for the Evaluation of Fieldbuses Reliability for Intelligence Distributed Automation System Design.- 1. Introduction.- 2. Choosing a fieldbus.- 3. Principle and Mission of a fieldbus.- 4. Several models of transitory fault.- 5. Reliability evaluation.- 6. Conclusion.- References.- Annex: Example of datasheet for the evaluation of fieldbus failure rate.- III: System Forecasting, Optimization and Control.- 16. Industrial Forecasting Using Knowledge-Based Techniques and Artificial Neural Networks.- 1. Introduction.- 2. Description of the method.- 3. Implementation of the method.- 4. Performance of the method.- 5. Conclusions.- References.- 17. DAPHNE : A Neural Network Based Short-Term Load Forecasting Program. Application to an Autonomous Power System.- 1. Introduction.- 2. The DAPHNE Program.- 3. Test Results.- 4. Conclusions.- References.- 18. Process Optimization System Used in Metallurgical Plants.- 1. Description of Technological Processes.- 2. The Informational Structure of the System.- 3. Description of the techniques.- 4. Hardware and Software Architecture.- 5. Process Optimization.- 6. Control System Functions at the Agglomeration Factory.- 7. Control System Functions at the Cowper Stove.- 8. Conclusion.- References.- 19. Knowledge-Based Control Synthesis of Discrete Event Dynamic Systems.- 1. Introduction.- 2. Modeling DEDS in Analytical Terms.- 3. The Problem of Control Synthesis.- 4. The Knowledge Representation.- 5. The System Model and Knowledge Base.- 6. Illustrative Example.- 7. Conclusions.- References.- 20. Static and Dynamic Control of Discrete Event Dynamic Systems.- 1. Introduction.- 2. Modeling and Terminology.- 3. Static Supervisory Control.- 4. Dynamic Supervisory Control.- 5. Application Examples.- 6. Conclusions.- References.- 21. Min-Max Control with Application to Discrete Event Dynamic Systems.- 1. Introduction.- 2. Applications.- 3. Representation of Matrix and Signal Operations by Lattice Dilations and Erosions.- 4. State and Output Responses.- 5. Elements from Max Algebra.- 6. Causality, Stability.- 7. Controlability, Observability.- 8. Feedback.- References.- IV : Robotic and Traveling Crane Systems.- 22. Force Sensing in Microrobot Systems : An Overview.- 1. Introduction.- 2. Fundamental Methods in Force Sensing.- 3. Force Sensing in Microrobotic Systems.- 4. Conclusions.- References.- 23. Vision-Based Control Approaches for Trajectory Correction of Microrobots.- 1. Introduction.- 2. Aspects of the microrobots' mobility.- 3. Development of a neural controller.- 4. Conclusion.- References.- 24. Exploiting a Human Arm Model for Fast, Intuitive and Time-Delays-Robust Telemanipulation.- 1. Introduction.- 2. Human Arm Models in Current Designs.- 3. Neuropredictive Teleoperation.- 4. Stability Analysis.- 5. Simulation and Comparison with Other Schemes.- 6. Conclusions.- References.- Appendix : The Stark Model of Human Ann.- 25. Intelligent Robotic Assembly and Disassembly : General Architecture and Implementation Case Studies.- 1. Introduction.- 2. Brief review of robotic assembly.- 3. General structure of intelligent robotic assembly or dissassembly systems.- 4. Prototype implementation examples.- 5. Conclusions.- References.- 26. Integrated Design for Flexible Assembly Sys…