Eine Schwierigkeit der Psychoanalyse Sigmund Freud - ch will gleich zum Eingang sagen, daß ich nicht eine intellektuelle Schwierigkeit meine, etwas, was die Psychoanalyse für das Verständnis des Empfängers (Hörers oder Lesers) unzugänglich macht, sondern eine affektive Schwierigkeit: etwas, wodurch sich die Psychoanalyse die Gefühle des Empfängers entfremdet, so daß er weniger geneigt wird, ihr Interesse oder Glauben zu schenken. Wie man merkt, kommen beiderlei Schwierigkeiten auf dasselbe hinaus. Wer für eine Sache nicht genug Sympathie aufbringen kann, wird sie auch nicht so leicht verstehen.Aus Rücksicht auf den Leser, den ich mir noch als völlig unbeteiligt vorstelle, muß ich etwas weiter ausholen: In der Psychoanalyse hat sich aus einer großen Zahl von Einzelbeobachtungen und Eindrücken endlich etwas wie eine Theorie gestaltet, die unter dem Namen der Libidotheorie bekannt ist. Die Psychoanalyse beschäftigt sich bekanntlich mit der Aufklärung und der Beseitigung der sogenannten nervösen Störungen. Für dieses Problem mußte ein Angriffspunkt gefunden werden, und man entschloß sich, ihn im Triebleben der Seele zu suchen. Annahmen über das menschliche Triebleben wurden also die Grundlage unserer Auffassung der Nervosität.Die Psychologie, die auf unseren Schulen gelehrt wird, gibt uns nur sehr wenig befriedigende Antworten, wenn wir sie nach den Problemen des Seelenlebens befragen. Auf keinem Gebiet sind aber ihre Auskünfte kümmerlicher als auf dem der Triebe.

Dr. Sigismund Freud (later changed to Sigmund) was a neurologist and the founder of psychoanalysis, who created an entirely new approach to the understanding of the human personality. He is regarded as one of the most influentialand controversialminds of the 20th century.In 1873, Freud began to study medicine at the University of Vienna. After graduating, he worked at the Vienna General Hospital. He collaborated with Josef Breuer in treating hysteria by the recall of painful experiences under hypnosis. In 1885, Freud went to Paris as a student of the neurologist Jean Charcot. On his return to Vienna the following year, Freud set up in private practice, specialising in nervous and brain disorders. The same year he married Martha Bernays, with whom he had six children.Freud developed the theory that humans have an unconscious in which sexual and aggressive impulses are in perpetual conflict for supremacy with the defences against them. In 1897, he began an intensive analysis of himself. In 1900, his major work 'The Interpretation of Dreams' was published in which Freud analysed dreams in terms of unconscious desires and experiences.In 1902, Freud was appointed Professor of Neuropathology at the University of Vienna, a post he held until 1938. Although the medical establishment disagreed with many of his theories, a group of pupils and followers began to gather around Freud. In 1910, the International Psychoanalytic Association was founded with Carl Jung, a close associate of Freud's, as the president. Jung later broke with Freud and developed his own theories.After World War One, Freud spent less time in clinical observation and concentrated on the application of his theories to history, art, literature and anthropology. In 1923, he published 'The Ego and the Id', which suggested a new structural model of the mind, divided into the 'id, the 'ego' and the 'superego'.In 1933, the Nazis publicly burnt a number of Freud's books. In 1938, shortly after the Nazis annexed Austria, Freud left Vienna for London with his wife and daughter Anna.Freud had been diagnosed with cancer of the jaw in 1923, and underwent more than 30 operations. He died of cancer on 23 September 1939.

Autorentext
Dr. Sigismund Freud (later changed to Sigmund) was a neurologist and the founder of psychoanalysis, who created an entirely new approach to the understanding of the human personality. He is regarded as one of the most influentialand controversialminds of the 20th century.In 1873, Freud began to study medicine at the University of Vienna. After graduating, he worked at the Vienna General Hospital. He collaborated with Josef Breuer in treating hysteria by the recall of painful experiences under hypnosis. In 1885, Freud went to Paris as a student of the neurologist Jean Charcot. On his return to Vienna the following year, Freud set up in private practice, specialising in nervous and brain disorders. The same year he married Martha Bernays, with whom he had six children.Freud developed the theory that humans have an unconscious in which sexual and aggressive impulses are in perpetual conflict for supremacy with the defences against them. In 1897, he began an intensive analysis of himself. In 1900, his major work 'The Interpretation of Dreams' was published in which Freud analysed dreams in terms of unconscious desires and experiences.In 1902, Freud was appointed Professor of Neuropathology at the University of Vienna, a post he held until 1938. Although the medical establishment disagreed with many of his theories, a group of pupils and followers began to gather around Freud. In 1910, the International Psychoanalytic Association was founded with Carl Jung, a close associate of Freud's, as the president. Jung later broke with Freud and developed his own theories.After World War One, Freud spent less time in clinical observation and concentrated on the application of his theories to history, art, literature and anthropology. In 1923, he published 'The Ego and the Id', which suggested a new structural model of the mind, divided into the 'id, the 'ego' and the 'superego'.In 1933, the Nazis publicly burnt a number of Freud's books. In 1938, shortly after the Nazis annexed Austria, Freud left Vienna for London with his wife and daughter Anna.Freud had been diagnosed with cancer of the jaw in 1923, and underwent more than 30 operations. He died of cancer on 23 September 1939.