Data assimilation methods were largely developed for operational weather forecasting, but in recent years have been applied to an increasing range of earth science disciplines. This book will set out the theoretical basis of data assimilation with contributions by top international experts in the field. Various aspects of data assimilation are discussed including: theory; observations; models; numerical weather prediction; evaluation of observations and models; assessment of future satellite missions; application to components of the Earth System. References are made to recent developments in data assimilation theory (e.g. Ensemble Kalman filter), and to novel applications of the data assimilation method (e.g. ionosphere, Mars data assimilation).

Auteur

William Lahoz's main interests are data assimilation and Earth Observation. He has numerous publications in leading scientific journals and book chapters. He has organized international symposia, conferences and Summer Schools, and been an invited speaker. William is an ACP editor. He contributed to the 1998 WMO Ozone Assessment. He has been on several international scientific committees. William currently leads NILU land data assimilation activities. He co-funded the UK-DARC, of which he was Deputy Director, and led the prestigious European project on Envisat data assimilation, ASSET.

Boris Khattatov' primary area of expertise involves applications of optimal control, estimation, and inverse problem theory to problems in the numerical modelling of the Earth's atmosphere and satellite data analysis. Boris led a US Air Force sponsored effort on advancing modelling capabilities for nowcasting and forecasting ionospheric "weather". He has numerous publications in leading scientific journals, and has contributed to books and patents.

Richard Ménard has been involved in data assimilation for nearly 20 years. Thereafter, he joined the NASA Global Modeling and Assimilation Office and then joined Environment Canada in 2000. He was awarded his Ph.D. on Kalman filtering of Burgers' equation (Roger Daley, advisor). He has made several contributions in the field of Kalman filtering, chemical data assimilation, covariance modelling, validation of assimilation systems, and chemical-dynamical coupling.

Contenu

Theory.- Data Assimilation and Information.- Mathematical Concepts of Data Assimilation.- Variational Assimilation.- Ensemble Kalman Filter: Current Status and Potential.- Error Statistics in Data Assimilation: Estimation and Modelling.- Bias Estimation.- The Principle of Energetic Consistency in Data Assimilation.- Evaluation of Assimilation Algorithms.- Initialization.- Observations.- The Global Observing System.- Assimilation of Operational Data.- Research Satellites.- Meteorology and Atmospheric Dynamics.- General Concepts in Meteorology and Dynamics.- The Role of the Model in the Data Assimilation System.- Numerical Weather Prediction.- Atmospheric Chemistry.- to Atmospheric Chemistry and Constituent Transport.- Representation and Modelling of Uncertainties in Chemistry and Transport Models.- Constituent Assimilation.- Inverse Modelling and Combined State-Source Estimation for Chemical Weather.- Wider Applications.- Ocean Data Assimilation.- Land Surface Data Assimilation.- Assimilation of GPS Soundings in Ionospheric Models.- The Longer View.- Reanalysis: Data Assimilation for Scientific Investigation of Climate.- Observing System Simulation Experiments.- Data Assimilation for Other Planets.