The Origins of Language Revisited

This book summarizes the latest research on the origins of language, with a focus on the process of evolution and differentiation of language. It provides an update on the earlier successful book, "The Origins of Language" edited by Nobuo Masataka and published in 2008, with new content on emerging topics.

Drawing on the empirical evidence in each respective chapter, the editor presents a coherent account of how language evolved, how music differentiated from language, and how humans finally became neurodivergent as a species.

Chapters on nonhuman primate communication reveal that the evolution of language required the neural rewiring of circuits that controlled vocalization. Language contributed not only to the differentiation of our conceptual ability but also to the differentiation of psychic functions of concepts, emotion, and behavior. It is noteworthy that a rudimentary form of syntax (regularity of call sequences) has emerged in nonhuman primates. The following chapters explain how music differentiated from language, whereas the pre-linguistic system, or the "prosodic protolanguage," in nonhuman primates provided a precursor for both language and music. Readers will gain a new understanding of music as a rudimentary form of language that has been discarded in the course of evolution and its role in restoring the primordial synthesis in the human psyche. The discussion leads to an inspiring insight into autism and neurodiversity in humans.

This thought-provoking and carefully presented book will appeal to a wide range of readers in linguistics, psychology, phonology, biology, anthropology and music.

Auteur

Nobuo Masataka has been a Professor at Kyoto University's Primate Research Institute since 2003. His doctoral dissertation was a study on vocal communication in New World primates. Particularly, he specialized in playback experiments, using synthesized sounds in order to investigate vocal perception in monkeys. Thereafter, he extended his research interests to include human infants and arrived at several intriguing findings on preverbal infants' vocal interactions with their mothers. These findings are summarized in his book Onset of Language, published by Cambridge University Press in 2003. In 2008, he edited The Origins of Language, Unravelling Evolutionary Forces, published by Springer. The present work is essentially the second edition of that book.

Contenu

**Preface
**Nobuo Masataka
At the beginning, the editor briefly introduces the purpose and the uniqueness of having edited the present book as well as the contents of the following 11 chapters.

**Chapter 1
**Evidence for the gestural origins of language that is not incompatible with the vocal theory of language origins
Nobuo Masataka
Primate Research Institute, Kyoto University, Inuyama, Japan

Chapter 2

PRIMATE VOICE PHYSIOLOGY: SIMILARITIES AND DIFFERENCE BETWEEN HUMANS AND NON-HUMAN PRIMATES
TAKESHI NISHIMURA
Primate Research Institute, Kyoto University, Inuyama, Japan

Chapter 3

Integrations of multiple abilities underlying the vocal evolutions in primatesevolution of primate vocalizations
Hiroki Koda
Primate Research Institute, Kyoto University

Chapter 4

Conversational rules among primate species
Pougnault Loic1, Levréro Florence2, Lemasson Alban1
1 Rennes University, France, 2 St Etienne University, France

Chapter 5

Language evolution from a perspective of Broca's area
Masumi Wakita
Primate Research Institute, Kyoto University, Inuyama, Japan

Chapter 6

Social scaffolding of the development of vocal communication and language during infancy
Hirokazu Doi
Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences, Nagasaki University

Chapter 7

Emergence of the distinction between "verbal" and "musical" skills in early childhood development
Alexsey Nikolskey

**Chapter 8
**Yakut tradition of "Talking Jew's Harp" and its relation to vowel harmony as a paradigm of formative influence of music on language.
Alexsey Nikolskey

**Chapter 9
**Were musicians and artists in the Ice Age caves likely with autism spectrum disorder? - A neurodiversity hypothesis to explain the co-emergence of art and music as a type of prosodic protolanguage
Nobuo Masataka
Primate Research Institute, Kyoto University, Japan

**Epilogue
**Nobuo Masataka