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This book addresses a specific subset of nonprofits that are chartered with a single mission: decrease the burden of government. Designing and engaging nonprofits to lessen the burden of government requires a specific description and acknowledgement of the burden to be lessened, and these may include the provision of infrastructure, the relief of debt, or the provision of general public services that are not motivated by charity. It also requires the assignment of specific operating powers to the nonprofit including the power of eminent domain. This book explores these and other related topics including the avoidance of resource dependence on government when attempting to reduce its burden.
The book is addressed to the policy makers and rule makers who design policies that affect the ability of the nonprofit to effectively lessen the burden of government. It is also addressed to public administrators in search of innovative ways of implementing these policies consistent with the laws, and to the creative nonprofit managers who are charged with carrying out the mission often in collaboration with the government or other entities. To the advanced student in all related fields, the author offers not only material for discussion, but enables discovery of what is possible by giving key examples of organizations meeting the terms and objective of lessening a significant burden of government.
Auteur
Herrington J. Bryce was a senior economist at the Urban Institute, a Brookings Economic Policy Fellow, a Fellow at the Institute of Politics at Harvard and a visiting professor in regional economics and planning at the Massachusetts Institute of Technology. He taught micro economic theory and public finance at Clark University in Worcester, Massachusetts, and was director of the program in legal and budget studies at the University College at the University of Maryland. He currently teaches courses at the College of William & Mary in nonprofits but mostly in corporate financial strategy and cost management-heavily reflected in this text. He has published extensively and has served on many state, local and federal government advisory committees. He has a PhD in economics from the Maxwell School at Syracuse University, and a Clu and ChFc from the American College.
Contenu
Preface | xv
Chapter 1 Purpose, Policy, Theory, Definitions and Context | 1
Purpose | 1
The Burden of Government | 2
Perspective, Collaboration, Competence | 5
Traditional, Nontraditional, Burden | 9
Organizational Design | 11
Prices, Profits and Nonprofit Motives | 12
The Context | 13
Dimension of the Problem in the United States | 13
Why the Nonprofit Option | 16
Toward a Supporting Theory | 17
Bibliography | 18
Chapter 2 Designing, Empowering and Engaging the Nonprofit to Lessen the
Burden of Government | 19
The National Trust for Historic Preservation | 19
Crafting the Intent to Lessen the Burden of Government | 19
Federal and State Designation of an Eligible Burden | 21
Classification of Nonprofits as Doers and Facilitators | 22
The Planks on Which to Design a Nonprofit to Reduce the Burden
of Government | 26
Plank 1: Money | 28
Plank 2: Marketing and Persuading | 32
Plank 3: Membership and Public | 32
Plank 4: Management | 33
Plank 5: The Mission | 35
Plank 6: Collaboration and Cooperation | 37
Plank 7: Tax Exemption | 37
Plank 8: Powers to Act | 38
Plank 9: Accountability | 39
Plank 10: Legitimacy | 39
Summary and Preview | 40
Bibliography | 40
Chapter 3 Empowering the Nonprofit to Lessen the Burden of
Government | 43
The Creation of the Corporation | 44
Incorporation: Process, Purpose, Powers | 45
The Powers of the Nonprofit Corporation | 48
Prohibitions | 50
Financial Advantages and Disadvantages of Exemption | 53
Some Factors that Threaten the Loss of Tax-Exampt Status
Under 501(c)(3) | 66
Summary and Preview | 68
Bibliography | 68
Chapter 4 Nonprofits as Doers in Reducing the Burden of Government | 69
The Doers: Distinguishing Examples | 71
Categorizing 501(c)(3) Doers | 73
Doers Depending Mostly on Business Income | 78
Subsidiaries, Affiliates, and Holding Companies as Internal
Facilitators | 80
Other Categories of Doers | 83
A General Comparison of Doers | 85
Lessening the Burden of Government: The Benefits and Justification of Tax
Exemption | 86
Summary and Preview | 87
Chapter 5 Nonprofit as Financiers and Facilitators in Reducing the Burden
of Government | 89
Two Government-Created Examples: To Be Close But Not Controlled | 89
The Nonprofit Financers | 91 The Rules of Foundatio...