Fuel Cells

This ready reference is unique in collating in one scientifically precise and comprehensive handbook the widespread data on what is feasible and realistic in modern fuel cell technology. Edited by one of the leading scientists in this exciting area, the short, uniformly written chapters provide economic data for cost considerations and a full overview of demonstration data, covering such topics as fuel cells for transportation, fuel provision, codes and standards. The result is highly reliable facts and figures for engineers, researchers and decision makers working in the field of fuel cells.

Auteur
Prof. Detlef Stolten is the Director of the Institute of Energy Research - Fuel Cells at the Research Center Juelich, Germany. Prof Stolten received his doctorate from the University of Technology at Clausthal, Germany. He served many years as a Research Scientist in the laboratories of Robert Bosch and Daimler Benz/Dornier. Since 1998 he has been holding the position of Director at the Research Center Juelich. Two years later he became Professor for Fuel Cell Technology at the University of Technology (RWTH) at Aachen. Prof. Stolten's
research focuses on electrochemical energy engineering including electrochemistry and energy process engineering of Electrolysis, SOFC and PEFC systems, i.e. cell and stack technology, process and systems engineering as well as systems analysis. Prof. Stolten is Chairman of the Implementing Agreement Advanced Fuel Cells, member of the board of the International Association of Hydrogen Energy (IAHE) and is on the advisory boards of the German National Organization of Hydrogen and Fuel Cells (NOW), and the journal Fuel Cells. He was chairman of the World Hydrogen Energy Conference 2010 (WHEC 2010).

Dr. Renzi Can Samsun is the head of Group Systems Technology for on-board power supply at the Institute of Energy and Climate Research at the Juelich Research Center. His research fields are high-temperature polymer electrolyte fuel cell systems, fuel processing systems for fuel cells and modelling of energy systems.

Nancy Garland is a Technology Development Manager in the U.S. Department of Energy's Office of Fuel Cell Technologies. She is responsible for managing National Laboratory R&D activities in fuel cells, including membranes, catalysts, MEAs, as well as characterization and analysis. She led a High Temperature Membrane Working Group with ~ 60 participants from academia, industry, and DOE National Laboratories.
Prior to coming to DOE, she was a Research Chemist at the U.S. Naval Research Laboratory where she carried out experimental studies on chemical kinetics and dynamics. Dr. Garland is a member of the American Chemical Society and the Combustion Institute.

Contenu

Preface XV

Part I Transportation 1

I-1 Propulsion 1

I-1.1 Benchmarks and Definition of Criteria 1

1 Battery Electric Vehicles 3
Bruno Gnörich and Lutz Eckstein

References 11

2 Passenger Car Drive Cycles 12
Thomas Grube

2.1 Introduction 12

2.2 Drive Cycles for Passenger Car Type Approval 13

2.3 Drive Cycles from Research Projects 14

2.4 Drive Cycle Characteristics 14

2.5 Graphic Representation of Selected Drive Cycles 16

2.6 Conclusion 21

References 21

3 Hydrogen Fuel Quality 22
James M. Ohi

3.1 Introduction 22

3.2 Hydrogen Fuel 23

3.3 Fuel Quality Effects 25

3.4 Fuel Quality for Fuel Cell Vehicles 25

3.5 Single Cell Tests 26

3.6 Field Data 26

3.7 Fuel Quality Verification 27

3.8 Conclusion 28

References 29

4 Fuel Consumption 30
Amgad Elgowainy and Erika Sutherland

4.1 Introduction 30

4.2 Hydrogen Production 31

4.3 Hydrogen Packaging 31

4.4 Hydrogen Consumption in FCEVs 32

4.5 Conclusion 34

References 34

I-1.2 Demonstration 37

I-1.2.1 Passenger Cars 37

5 Global Development Status of Fuel Cell Vehicles 39
Remzi Can Samsun

5.1 Introduction 39

5.2 Update on Recent Activities of Car Manufacturers 40

5.3 Key Data and Results from Demonstration Programs 41

5.4 Technical Data of Fuel Cell Vehicles 47

5.4.1 Daimler 47

5.4.2 Ford 47

5.4.3 GM/Opel 50

5.4.4 Honda 51

5.4.5 Hyundai/Kia 51

5.4.6 Nissan 52

5.4.7 Toyota 53

5.4.8 Volkswagen 55

5.5 Conclusions 57

References 58

6 Transportation China Passenger Cars 61
Yingru Zhao

6.1 Introduction 61

6.2 National R&D Strategy (20112015) 62

6.3 Government Policy 63

6.4 Published Technical Standards 63

6.5 Demonstrations 65

6.6 Commercialization Case of SAIC Motor 67

6.7 Conclusions 67

References 68

7 Results of Country Specific Program Korea 69
Tae-Hoon Lim

7.1 Introduction 69

7.2 FCV Demonstration Program 70

VI Contents

7.2.1 The 1st Phase of the FCV Demonstration Project 70

7.2.2 The 2nd Phase of the FCV Demonstration Project 70

7.3 Summary 72

8 GM HydroGen4 A Fuel Cell Electric Vehicle based on the Chevrolet Equinox 75
Ulrich Eberle and Rittmar von Helmolt

8.1 Introduction 75

8.2 Technology 76

8.3 Conclusions 84

Acknowledgments 85

References 86

I-1.2.2 Buses 87

9 Results of Country Specific Programs USA 89
Leslie Eudy

9.1 Introduction 89

9.2 FCEB Descriptions 90

9.3 SunLine Advanced Technology Fuel Cell Electric Bus 90

9.3.1 Fuel Economy 91

9.3.2 Availability 92

9.4 Zero Emission Bay Area Program 92

9.4.1 Fuel Economy 94

9.4.2 Availability 94

9.5 SunLine American Fuel Cell Bus 95

9.5.1 Fuel Economy 96

9.5.2 Availability 97

9.6 Conclusion 98

References 98

I-1.3 PEM fuel cells 99

10 Polymer Electrolytes 101
John Kopasz and Cortney Mittelsteadt

10.1 Introduction 101

10.2 Membrane Properties 102

10.2.1 Water uptake and Swelling 102

10.2.2 Protonic Conductivity 103 &...