Biosafety Assessment of Probiotic Potential

This volume provides methods on procedures for assessing the biosafety aspects of probiotics. Chapters are divided into five parts detailing in vitro biosafety assessment, biogenic amine production, D-lactic acid production, toxin production, production of various enzymes, determination of toxicity, mutagenicity, virulence genes, capsule formation, hemolytic activity, DNAse activity, bile salt deconjugation, antibiotic resistance, antibiotic resistance gene transfer, mucin degradation, platelet aggregation, and in vivo biosafety assessment of probiotics including determination of infectivity, reproductive and developmental toxicity, and evaluation of immunological parameters in animal models. Authoritative and cutting-edge, Biosafety Assessment of Probiotic Potential aims to be a foundation for future studies and to be a source of inspiration for new investigations in the field.

Contenu

Part I: In vitro Biosafety Assessment of Probiotics

1. Determination of biogenic Amine Production

Shilpika Pandey, Archana Chaudhari, and Mitesh Kumar Dwivedi

2. Determination of Gelatinases,Glycosidases, and Enolase production

Archana Chaudhari, Shilpika Pandey, and Mitesh Kumar Dwivedi

3. Determination of ß-Glucuronidase Production

Dixita Panchal, Vrutika Lad, Meonis Pithawala, and Natarajan Amaresan

4. Determination of Nitroreductase Production

Dixita Panchal, Vrutika Lad, Meonis Pithawala, and Natarajan Amaresan

5. Determination of Azoreductase production

Vrutika Lad, Dixita Panchal, Meonis Pithawala, and Natarajan Amaresan

6. Determination of Hemolytic activity

Vrutika Lad, Dixita Panchal, Meonis Pithawala, Mitesh Kumar Dwivedi, and Natarajan Amaresan

7. Determination of DNAse Activity

Archana Chaudhari, Ruma Raghuvanshi, and Mitesh Kumar Dwivedi

8. Determination of Bile Salts Deconjugation

Hemant Borase, Satish Patil2, Mitesh Kumar Dwivedi, and Ramar Krishnamurthy

9. Determination of D-lactic Acid Production

Shilpika Pandey, Archana Chaudhari, Mitesh Kumar Dwivedi

10. Determination of Antibiotic Resistance M. Veerapagu, K.R. Jeya, Ashraf Khalifa, and A. Sankaranarayanan

11. Determination of Antibiotic Resistance Gene Transfer

K.R. Jeya, Ashraf Khalifa, M. Veerapagu, and A. Sankaranarayanan

12. Determination of Toxin Production

Urjita V. Sheth

13. Detection of Toxin Genes by PCR Based Methods Urjita V. Sheth

14. Determination of Presence of Plasmids and Virulence and Structural Genes

Teresa Semedo-Lemsaddek and Maria João Fraqueza

15. Determination of Toxicity through Cytotoxicity Assays

Urjita V. Sheth

16. In vitro Evaluation of the Nitric Oxide Pathway

Hemant Borase, Satish Patil, Dhruti Amin, and Mitesh Kumar Dwivedi

17. Assessment of Capsule Formation

Rushabh Shah, Natarajan Amaresan, and Mitesh Kumar Dwivedi

18. Assessment of Platelet aggregation

Karthick Raja Arulprakasam and Dhanasekaran Dharumadurai

19. Assessment of Fibrinogen and Fibronectin Binding Activity

Suresh Singh Yadav and Pramod Kumar

20. Assessment of Probiotics Adhesion to Mammalian Cells

Guhanraj Radhamanalan and Dhanasekaran Dharumadurai

21. Assessment of Mutagenicity

K.R. Jeya, Ashraf Khalifa, M. Veerapagu, and A. Sankaranarayanan

22. Assessment of Induction and Destruction of Thrombi

M. Veerapagu, K.R. Jeya, and A. Sankaranarayanan

23. Assessment of degradation of mucin

Ruma Raghuvanshi, Archana Chaudhari, Mitesh Kumar Dwivedi

Part II: In vivo Biosafety Assessment of Probiotics

24. Evaluation of General Health Status of the Animals during the in-Life Phase

Hafiz Arbab Sakandar, Qaiser Farid Khan, Zainab Tahir, Hamid Majeed, Nabaa Azhar, and Zaib un Nisa

25. Assessment of Bacterial Translocation Through Blood Cultures

Li Hui Ang, Premmala Rangasamy, Wallace Jeng Yang Chee, Shu Yih Chew, and Leslie Thian Lung Than

26. Determination of Splenic weight index and Weight-to-length ratio

Firdosh Shah and Mitesh Kumar Dwivedi

27. Determination of Total liver glutathione and plasma malondialdehyde concentrations

Firdosh Shah and Mitesh Kumar Dwivedi

28. Determination of Serum Lactate and Fecal Calprotectin for Assessing The Intestinal Inflammation

Firdosh Shah and Mitesh Kumar Dwivedi

Part III: Measuring infectivity in animal models

29. In vivo Evaluation of Adhesion properties of Probiotics

Nabendu Debnath, Pooja Yadav, Ashish Tyagi, and Ashok Kumar Yadav

30. Determination of Streptomyces Probiotics oral administration in broiler chicken

Latha Selvanathan, Thirumagal Thirugnanam, Vinothini Gopal and Dhanasekaran Dharumadurai

31. Determination of infectivity of probiotics using animal models

Shabari Girish and Lokesh Ravi

32. Determination of Infectivity of Probiotics using Immunosuppressed Hosts

Sumana Chatterjee and Tamalika Chakraborty

Part IV: Measuring Reproductive and Developmental toxicity in animal models

33. Assessment of Reproductive toxicity

Firdosh Shah and Mitesh Kumar Dwivedi

34. Assessment of Developmental toxicity in Zebrafish model Tamalika Chakraborty, Sumana Roy, Dipanjan Mandal, and Jeenatara Begum

Part V: Measuring Immunological Parameters in animal models for Safety

35. Assessment of Inflammation in Animal Models (Macroscopic Or Histological Inflammation In The Ileum Or In The Colon)

Sumana Roy, Tamalika Chakraborty, Prerona Saha, and Sriparna Kundu Sen

36. Assessment of inflammation in animal models (Quantification of TNFA, IFNG, IL4, and IL10 mRNAs by Real-time PCR)

Sachin Kumar, Rashmi H.M., and Brijesh Kumar

37. Assessment of inflammation in animal models (Quantification of TNF-a, IFN- , IL-4, & IL-10 proteins by ELISA)

Siti Nor Hikmah Abdul Rasid, Angela Boahen, Shu Yih Chew, Shalini Vellasamy, and Leslie Thian Lung Than

38. Detection of Myeloperoxidase activity by Enzyme Linked Immunosorbent Assay Pooja Yadav, Nabendu Debnath, Ashish Tyagi, and Ashok Kumar Yadav

39. Assessment of Bacterial Translocation Through Mesenteric Lymph Nodes [MLN] and Spleen Cultures

Fida Fathima and Rekha P.D.