Bioinformatics for Glycobiology and Glycomics

This book is the first to be dedicated to the bioinformatics of
carbohydrates and glycoproteins. It provides an
introduction to this emerging field of science both for the
experimentalist working in glycobiology and glycomics, and also for
the computer scientist looking for background information for the
development of highly sophisticated algorithmic approaches.
The book provides an overview of the state-of-the-art in the field,
with reviews on databases, and the tools in use for analysis,
interpretation, and prediction of the structures of complex
carbohydrates, and demonstrates the value of bioinformatics for
glycobiology.

The availability of comprehensive databases and corresponding
bioinformatics tools, to access and analyse the large amounts of
experimental data relating to the structure of carbohydrates, will
be a prerequisite for the success of the large-scale glycomics
projects that aim to decipher new, so far unknown, biological
functions of glycans. Efficient bioinformatics
descriptions and tools can considerably enhance the efficiency of
glycomics research, in terms of data quality, analysis and
experimental costs.

For a complete understanding of the molecular processes in which
carbohydrates are involved, such as protein-carbohydrate
interactions and the impact of glycosylation on protein function,
knowledge of the 3D structure of the carbohydrate, the
protein-carbohydrate complex, or the glycoprotein is often
indispensable. This book provides a thorough introduction into
methods used for conformational analysis of carbohydrates.

Key features:

• Describes bioinformatic approaches to handle
  carbohydrate-active enzymes and glycosylation.

• Provides an overview on bioinformatics tools that facilitate
  analysis of carbohydrate structures.

• Gives introduction into molecular modelling of carbohydrate 3D
  structure and carbohydrates contained in the Protein Databank.

• Assumes only a basic knowledge of biology and
  bioinformatics.

Auteur

Dr. Claus-Wilhelm von der Lieth, died 2007. Thomas Lütteke, Justus-Liebig University Giessen, Germany; Fakulty of Veterinary Medicine, Institute of Biochemistry und Endocrinology. Dr. Martin Frank, German Cancer Research Center, Heidelberg, Germany; Bijvoet Center for Biomolecular Research, Utrecht University, The Netherlands.

Texte du rabat
Glycobiology is the study of complex carbohydrates, or glycans, which play an important role in biochemical signalling between cells and hence in normal cell development. Deficiencies or excess production of particular glycans have been linked to human diseases and have also been shown to play a part in cancer development. This book is the first to be dedicated to the bioinformatics of carbohydrates and glycoproteins. It provides a state-of-the art overview and demonstrates the value of bioinformatics for glycobiology, not simply as a review of databases and tools but rather as an introduction to a new branch of glycobiology.

The availability of comprehensive databases and corresponding bioinformatics tools, to access and analyse the large amounts of data relating to the sequence and structure of carbohydrates, will be a prerequisite for the success of the large-scale glycomics projects that aim to decipher new, so far unknown, biological functions of glycans.

Interpretation of this sequence information will require new bioinformatics tools and the automated interpretation of experimental data, especially mass spectra, is currently the most active area of research.

Efficient bioinformatics descriptions and tools can considerably enhance the efficiency of glycomics research, in terms of data quality, analysis and experimental costs. This book illustrates how bioinformatics can be used to enhance glycomics data mining and improve glycomics analysis.

• Clearly describes the bioinformatics tools that will allow analysis of carbohydrate structures.

• Provides a comprehensive review of the area, giving both an introduction and an overview.

• Assumes only a basic knowledge of biology and bioinformatics.

• Illustrates the value of bioinformatics for glycomics data mining and analysis.

Résumé
This book is the first to be dedicated to the bioinformatics of carbohydrates and glycoproteins. It provides an introduction to this emerging field of science both for the experimentalist working in glycobiology and glycomics, and also for the computer scientist looking for background information for the development of highly sophisticated algorithmic approaches. The book provides an overview of the state-of-the-art in the field, with reviews on databases, and the tools in use for analysis, interpretation, and prediction of the structures of complex carbohydrates, and demonstrates the value of bioinformatics for glycobiology. The availability of comprehensive databases and corresponding bioinformatics tools, to access and analyse the large amounts of experimental data relating to the structure of carbohydrates, will be a prerequisite for the success of the large-scale glycomics projects that aim to decipher new, so far unknown, biological functions of glycans. Efficient bioinformatics descriptions and tools can considerably enhance the efficiency of glycomics research, in terms of data quality, analysis and experimental costs.

For a complete understanding of the molecular processes in which carbohydrates are involved, such as proteincarbohydrate interactions and the impact of glycosylation on protein function, knowledge of the 3D structure of the carbohydrate, the proteincarbohydrate complex, or the glycoprotein is often indispensable. This book provides a thorough introduction into methods used for conformational analysis of carbohydrates.

Key features:

• Describes bioinformatic approaches to handle carbohydrate-active enzymes and glycosylation.
• Provides an overview on bioinformatics tools that facilitate analysis of carbohydrate structures.
• Gives introduction into molecular modelling of carbohydrate 3D structure and carbohydrates contained in the Protein Databank.
• Assumes only a basic knowledge of biology and bioinformatics.

Contenu
List of Contributors. Preface (*Claus-Wilhelm von der Lieth).*

Section 1: Introduction.

1. Glycobiology, Glycomics and (Bio)Informatics (Claus-Wilhelm von der Lieth).

Section 2: Carbohydrate Structures.

2. Introduction to Carbohydrate Structure and Diversity (Stephan Herget, René Ranzinger, Robin Thomson, Martin Frank and Claus-Wilhelm von der Lieth).

3. Digital Representations of Oligo- and Polysaccharides (Stephan Herget and Claus-Wilhelm von der Lieth).

4. Evolutionary Considerations in Studying the Sialome: Sialic Acids and the HostPathogen Interface (Amanda L. Lewis and Ajit Varki).

Section 3: Carbohydrate-active Enzymes and Glycosylation.

5. Carbohydrate-active Enzymes Database: Principles and Classification of Glycosyltransferases (Pedro M. Coutinho, Corinne Rancurel, Mark Stam, Thomas Bernard, Francisco M. Couto, Etienne G. J. Danchin and Bernard Henrissat).

6. Other Databases Providing Glycoenzyme Data (Thomas L¨utteke and Claus-Wilhelm von der Lieth).

7. Bioinformatics Analysis of Glycan Structures from a Genomic Perspective (Kiyoko F. Aoki-Kinoshita and Minoru Kanehisa).

8. Glycosylation of Proteins (Claus-Wilhelm von der Lieth and Thomas Lüteke).

9. Prediction of Glycosylation Sites in Proteins (Karin Julenius, Morten B. Johansen, Yu Zhang, Søren Brunak and Ramneek Gupta).

Section 4: Experimental Methods Bioinformatic Requirements.

10. Experimental Methods for the Analysis of Glycans and Their Bioinformatics Requirements (Claus-Wilhelm von der Lieth).

11. Analysis of N- and O-Glycans of Glycop…