Accretionary Prisms and Convergent Margin Tectonics in the Northwest Pacific Basin

Accretionary prisms in convergent margins are natural laboratories for exploring initial orogenic processes and mountain building episodes. They are also an important component of continental growth both vertically and laterally. Accretionary prisms are seismically highly active and their internal deformation via megathrusting and out-of-sequence faulting are a big concern for earthquake and tsunami damage in many coastal cities around the Pacific Rim. The geometries and structures of modern accretionary prisms have been well imaged seismically and through deep drilling projects of the Ocean Drilling Program (and recently IODP) during the last 15 years. Better understanding of the spatial distribution and temporal progression of accretionary prism deformation, structural and hydrologic evolution of the décollement zone (tectonic interface between the subducting slab and the upper plate), chemical gradients and fluid flow paths within accretionary prisms, contrasting stratigraphic and deformational framework along-strike in accretionary prisms, and the distribution and ecosystems of biological communities in accretionary prism settings is most important in interpreting the evolution of ancient complex sedimentary terrains and orogenic belts in terms of subduction-related processes. This book is a collection of interdisciplinary papers documenting the geological, geophysical, geochemical, and paleontological features of modern accretionay prisms and trenches in the northwestern Pacific Ocean, based on many submersible dive cruises, ODP drilling projects, and geophysical surveys during the last 10 years. It also includes several papers presenting the results of systematic integrated studies of recent to ancient on-land accretionary prisms in comparison to modern analogues. The individual chapters are data and image rich, providing a major resource of information and knowledge from these critical components of convergent margins for researchers, faculty members, and graduate and undergraduate students. As such, the book will be a major and unique contribution in the broad fields of global tectonics, geodynamics, marine geology and geophysics, and structural geology and sedimentology.

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Preface

Acknowledgements

Bending-Related Topographic Structures of the Subducting Plate in the Northwestern Pacific Ocean; *Masao Nakanishi

*Erosional Subduction Zone in the Northern Japan Trench: Review of Submersible Dive Reports; *Yujiro Ogawa

Boso TTT-Type Triple Junction: Formation of Miocene to Quaternary Accretionary Prisms and Present-Day Gravitational Collapse; *Yujiro Ogawa and Yukio Yanagisawa

Rifting Structure of Central Izu-Ogasawara (Bonin) Arc Crust: Results of Seismic Crustal Imaging; *Narumi Takahashi et al.

Seafloor Geology of the Basement Serpentinite Body in the Ohmachi Seamount (Izu-Bonin Arc) as Exhumed Parts of a Subduction Zone Within the Philippine Sea; *Hayato Ueda et al.

Petrology and Mineralogy of Mantle Peridotites from the Southern Marianas; Hiroshi Sato and Teruaki Ishii

Tectonics of Unusual Crustal Accretion in the Parece Vela Basin; Yasuhiko Ohara, Kyoko Okino, and Jonathan E. Snow

Structural Profile and Development of the Accretionary Complex in the Nankai Trough, Southwest Japan: Results of Submersible Studies; Ryo Anma et al.

Submarine Outcrop Evidence for Transpressional Deformation Within the Nankai Accretionary Prism, Tenryu Canyon, Japan; Nicholas W. Hayman et al.

Rapid Exhumation of Subducted Sediments Along an Out-of-Sequence Thrust in the Modern Eastern Nankai Accretionary Prism; Kiichiro Kawamura et al.

Dark Bands in the Submarine Nankai Accretionary Prism Comparisons with MiocenePliocene Onshore Examples from Boso Peninsula; Yoko Michiguchi and Yujiro Ogawa

Gas Chemistry of Pore Fluids from Oomine Ridge on the Nankai Accretionary Prism; Tomohiro Toki et al.

Long-Term Stability of Acoustic Benchmarks Deployed on Thick Sediment for GPS/Acoustic Seafloor Positioning; Hiromi Fujimoto et al.

Index