Making War and Building Peace

Examines how well United Nations peacekeeping missions work after civil war. Statistically analyzing all civil wars since 1945, this book compares peace processes that had UN involvement to those that didn't. It argues that each mission must be designed to fit the conflict, with the right authority and adequate resources.

"This book will have wide appeal not only among scholars who study the issues of civil war, its termination, and the role of the UN and the international community, but also among any students and policymakers who are interested in one of the most fundamental and pressing questions of our time: how to build peace in states that are trying to recover from devastating civil wars."---Lise Howard, Review of International Organizations

Auteur

Michael W. Doyle is Harold Brown Professor of Law and International and Public Affairs at Columbia University. Nicholas Sambanis is Associate Professor of Political Science at Yale University.

Texte du rabat

Making War and Building Peace examines how well United Nations peacekeeping missions work after civil war. Statistically analyzing all civil wars since 1945, the book compares peace processes that had UN involvement to those that didn't. Michael Doyle and Nicholas Sambanis argue that each mission must be designed to fit the conflict, with the right authority and adequate resources. UN missions can be effective by supporting new actors committed to the peace, building governing institutions, and monitoring and policing implementation of peace settlements. But the UN is not good at intervening in ongoing wars. If the conflict is controlled by spoilers or if the parties are not ready to make peace, the UN cannot play an effective enforcement role. It can, however, offer its technical expertise in multidimensional peacekeeping operations that follow enforcement missions undertaken by states or regional organizations such as NATO. Finding that UN missions are most effective in the first few years after the end of war, and that economic development is the best way to decrease the risk of new fighting in the long run, the authors also argue that the UN's role in launching development projects after civil war should be expanded.

Contenu

List of Figures ix
List of Tables xi
List of Boxes xiii
Acknowledgments xv
Acronyms xvii

Chapter One: Introduction: War-Making, Peacebuilding, and the United Nations 1
The New Interventionism 6
Generations of UN Peace Operations 10
The Challenge of Peacebuilding 18
Plan of the Book 23

Chapter Two: Theoretical Perspectives 27
Internal (Civil) War and Peacebuilding 28
Theories of Civil War 31
Implications of Civil War Theory for UN Intervention 49
A Peacebuilding Triangle 63

Chapter Three: Testing Peacebuilding Strategies 69
Triangulating Peace 69
The Peacebuilding Dataset 72
Analysis of Peacebuilding Success in the Short Run 86
Policy Hypotheses and Hypothesis Testing 93
Policy Analysis 125
Conclusion 131
Appendix A: Definitions and Coding Rules 132
Appendix B: Summary Statistics for Key Variables 138
Chapter Four: Making War 144
Somalia 145
The Former Yugoslavia 161
Congo 172
Clausewitz and Peacekeeping 184

Chapter Five: Making Peace: Successes 197
Monitoring and Facilitation in El Salvador 200
Administratively Controlling (but Barely) Peace in Cambodia 209
Executive Implementation of Peace in Eastern Slavonia 223
Dayton's Dueling Missions and Brcko--Dayton's Supervisory Footnote 230
East Timor 243

Chapter Six: Making Peace: Failures 257
Cyprus 257
Rwanda 281
Chapter Seven: Transitional Strategies 303
The Four Strategies 304
Transitional Authority 319
Chapter Eight: Conclusions 334
The Peacebuilding Record 334
A Seven-Step Plan 337
The Costs of Staying--and Not Staying--the Course 342
Alternatives? 346

Bibliography 353
Index 381