Explaining Photosynthesis

Recounting the compelling story of a scientific discovery that took more than a century to complete, this trail-blazing monograph focuses on methodological issues and is the first to delve into this subject. This book charts how the biochemical and biophysical mechanisms of photosynthesis were teased out by succeeding generations of scientists, and the author highlights the reconstruction of the heuristics of modelling the mechanismanalyzed at both individual and collective levels.

Photosynthesis makes for an instructive example. The first tentative ideas were developed by organic chemists around 1840, while by 1960 an elaborate proposal at a molecular level, for both light and dark reactions, was established. The latter is still assumed to be basically correct today. The author makes a persuasive case for a historically informed philosophy of science, especially regarding methodology, and advocates a history of science whose narrative deploys philosophical approaches and categories. She shows how scientists' attempts to formulate, justify, modify, confirm or criticize their models are best interpreted as series of coordinated research actions, dependent on a network of super- and subordinated epistemic goals, and guided by recurrent heuristic strategies.

With dedicated chapters on key figures such as Otto Warburg, who borrowed epistemic fundamentals from other disciplines to facilitate his own work on photosynthesis, and on more general topics relating to the development of the field after Warburg, this new work is both a philosophical reflection on the nature of scientific enquiry and a detailed history of the processes behind one of science's most important discoveries.

Comprehensive overview of the history of the discovery of photosynthesis with special attention to the methodological issues involved in the research process Describes how the interdisciplinary work of chemists, physicists and biologists solved the mystery of photosynthesis Reconstructs the heuristics of discovery, which is investigated both on the level of the individual researcher and on the level of larger research collectives Includes supplementary material: sn.pub/extras

Auteur
Kärin Nickelsen is professor of history of science at the Ludwig-Maximilians-University Munich, Germany. Her research interests focus on the field of history and philosophy of the life sciences, with a particular emphasis on methodological issues. She has published on topics ranging from the practices of natural history in the 18th century to the analysis of experimental physiology and biochemistry of the 19th / 20th centuries.

Contenu
Introduction.- 1. In Pursuit of a Pathway (1843-1918).- 2. Otto Warburg and the Turn to Manometry (1912-25).- 3. Struggling with the Standard Model (1930-41).- 4. The Maximum Quantum Yield Controversy (1937-55).- 5. The Path of Carbon in Photosynthesis (1937-1954).- 6. Elucidating the Light Reactions (1950-1961).- Epilogue.