Islam in German East Africa, 1885 1918

In this rich and multi-layered deconstruction of German colonial engagement with Islam, Jörg Haustein shows how imperial agents in Germany's largest colony wielded the knowledge category of Islam in a broad set of debates, ranging from race, language, and education to slavery, law, conflict, and war. These representations of 'Mohammedanism', often invoked for particular political ends, amounted to a serious misreading of Muslims in East Africa, with significant long-term effects. As the first in-depth account of the politics of Islam in German East Africa, the book makes an essential contribution to the history of religion in Tanzania before British rule. It also offers a template for re-reading the colonial archive in a manner that recovers Muslim agency beyond a European paradigm of religion.

Provides an in-depth analysis of German colonial Islam politics Offers a new approach to a post-colonial historiography of Islam in Africa Enables new insights into religion, ethnicity, language, law, and education in colonial Tanzania

Auteur
Jörg Haustein is Associate Professor of World Christianity at the University of Cambridge and a Fellow of Selwyn College, Cambridge. Previously, he has taught at the School of Oriental and African Studies in London and the University of Heidelberg in Germany. He is a scholar of religion in Africa from the nineteenth century onward, specializing in Pentecostal Christianity, colonial Islam, and the intersection of religion and development.

Contenu

1. Introduction: Studying Islam in German East Africa.- 1.1 Previous Scholarship and Sources.- 1.2 Historical Overview and Chapter Plan.- I. Race and Religion: Islam and the 'Arab Revolt'.- 2. Supplanting Arabdom: Race and Religion in the German Conquest.- 2.1 Islam and Arabdom in the Scramble for East Africa.- 2.2 The Arab Revolt in Imperial Reckoning.- 2.3 Insurgent Coalitions and Arab Identity.- 2.4 Islam and Arab Politics.- 3. Contested Philology: Kiswahili as Religious Language.- 3.1 Missionary Philology, Religion, and Romanisation.- 3.2 Kiswahili as Contested Language.- 3.3 The Christianisation of Kiswahil.- 3.4 Race and Language: Colonial Religion and the Disavowal of Hybridity.- II. Colonial Instrumentality: Islam in the German Civilising Mission.- 4. Slavery and Religion: From Anti-Islamic Abolitionism to Christian Serfdom.- 4.1 The Quick Rise and Fall of the German Anti-Slavery Movement.- 4.2 Islam and Christianity in the Civilising Regime.- 4.3 Slavery in Missionary Campaigns and Parliamentary Debates.- 4.4 Bureaucratised Manumission and Coercive Labour Regimes.- 5. Educating for Islam? The German Government Schools and Christian Civilising.- 5.1 A School for Muslims in Tanga.- .2 Secular Schools and Missionary Complaints.- 5.3 Repression and Simple Equivalences.- 5.4 Colonial Instrumentality: Islam, Made in the Image of Civilising.- III. Coloured Justice: Colonial Jurisdiction and Islamic Law.- 6. Islam in the German Legal Order: Constitutional Conflicts and Native Law.- 6.1 The Schutzgebietsgesetz of 1886.- .2 Implementing a Racial Divide.- 6.3 Defining Religious Exemptions.- 6.4 Islam in the Colonial Practice of Native Law.- 7. Studying Islamic Law: Elisions of German Scholarship.- 7.1 German Orientalism and Islamic Jurisprudence.- 7.2 Native Law and Islamic Influence.- 7.3 Coloured Justice: The Irreality of Colonial Law.- IV. Political Islam: The Making of Islamic Danger.- 8. Phantoms of Muslim Sedition: From Maji Maji to the Mecca Letters.- 8.1 Islam in the Maji Maji War.- 8.2 The Mecca Letter of 1908.- 8.3 The Liabilities of Islamic Danger.- 8.4 Sufi Piety and Government Interventions.- 9. Mainstreaming Islamic Danger: Scholars, Missionaries, and Colonial Surveillance.- 9.1 German Scholars and the Geopolitics of Islam.- 9.2 Becker's Islamwissenschaft and the Colonial Congress of 1910.- 9.3 Colonial Press and Missionary Activism.- 9.4 Surveying Islam in East Africa.- 9.5 Political Islam: The Swan Song of Wartime Propaganda.- 10. Conclusion: A Genealogy of Colonial Religion.- 10.1 Pluralising Concepts: A Genealogy of Entangled Pretensions.- 10.2 Provincialising Europe: The Force of the Unrepresented.- 10.3 Rhizomatic Topography: The Sprawling Study of Islam.