Functional foods and nutraceuticals have received considerable interest in the past decade largely due to increasing consumer awareness of the health benefits associated with food. Diet in human health is no longer a matter of simple nutrition: consumers are more proactive and increasingly interested in the health benefits of functional foods and their role in the prevention of illness and chronic conditions. This, combined with an aging population that focuses not only on longevity but also quality of life, has created a market for functional foods and nutraceuticals.

A fully updated and revised second edition, Genomics, Proteomics and Metabolomics in Nutraceuticals and Functional Foods reflects the recent upsurge in "omics" technologies and features 48 chapters that cover topics including genomics, proteomics, metabolomics, epigenetics, peptidomics, nutrigenomics and human health, transcriptomics, nutriethics and nanotechnology. This cutting-edge volume, written by a panel of experts from around the globe reviews the latest developments in the field with an emphasis on the application of these novel technologies to functional foods and nutraceuticals.

Autorentext

Debasis Bagchi, Ph.D., MACN, CNS, MAIChE
University of Houston College of Pharmacy, Houston, TX, USA

Anand Swaroop, Ph.D.
Cepham Inc., Piscataway, NJ, USA

Manashi Bagchi, Ph.D., FACN
Cepham Inc., Piscataway, NJ, USA

Inhalt

Contributors xxiv

Preface xxxi

Part I Introduction 1

1 Novel Omics Technologies in Food Nutrition 3
Xuewu Zhang, Lijun You, Wei Wang, and Kaijun Xiao

1.1 Introduction 3

1.2 Transcriptomics in Nutritional Research 4

1.3 Proteomics in Nutritional Research 5

1.4 Metabolomics in Nutritional Research 7

1.5 Systems Biology in Nutritional Research 9

1.6 Conclusions 9

2 Seafood Authentication using Foodomics: Proteomics, Metabolomics, and Genomics 14
Karola Böhme, Jorge Barros-Velázquez, Pilar Calo-Mata, José M. Gallardo, and Ignacio Ortea

2.1 Introduction 14

2.2 Proteomic Approaches 15

2.3 Metabolomic Approaches 19

2.4 Genomic Approaches 20

2.5 Conclusions 25

3 A Foodomics Approach Reveals Hypocholesterolemic Activity of Red Microalgae 31
Irit Dvir, Aliza H. Stark, and Shoshana (Malis) Arad

3.1 Introduction 31

3.2 Marine Functional Foods and Supplements 32

3.3 Microalgae 33

3.4 Summary 37

Part II Genomics 41

4 Gene?]Diet Interaction and Weight Management 43
Lu Qi

4.1 Introduction 43

4.2 Diet and Lifestyle Modifications in Weight Management 44

4.3 The Role of Genetic Factors in Determining Body Weight and Weight Loss 44

4.4 Gene-Diet Interactions on Body Weight and Risk of Obesity 46

4.5 Gene-Diet Interactions on Weight Loss in Randomized Clinical Trials 47

4.6 Gene?]Diet Interactions on Weight Maintenance 48

4.7 Personalized Weight Management through Diet and Lifestyle Modifications 49

4.8 Summary and Concluding Remarks 50

5 NutrimiRomics: The Promise of a New Discipline in Nutrigenomics 53
Amitava Das and Chandan K. Sen

5.1 Introduction 53

5.2 miRomics: A New Cornerstone 56

5.3 Nutrigenomics and miR 57

6 Genomics as a Tool to Characterize Anti?]inflammatory Nutraceuticals 61
Amitava Das, Scott Chaffee, and Sashwati Roy

6.1 Chronic Inflammation in Disease 61

6.2 Nutraceuticals in the Management of Chronic Inflammation 64

6.3 GeneChipTM as a Tool to Characterize the Anti?]Inflammatory Properties of Nutraceuticals 65

7 Nutrigenomics, Inflammaging, and Osteoarthritis: A Review 71
Ali Mobasheri, Richard Barrett-Jolley, Caroline A. Staunton, Chris Ford, and Yves Henrotin

7.1 Introduction 71

7.2 Osteoarthritis (OA) 72

7.3 Antioxidants and the Inflammatory Microenvironment 73

7.4 Inflammaging 75

7.5 Nutrigenomics 76

7.6 Muscle Inflammation in OA 77

7.7 Conclusions 80

8 Genetic Basis of Anti-Inflammatory Properties of Boswellia Extracts 85
Golakoti Trimurtulu, Chandan K. Sen, Alluri V. Krishnaraju, Kiran Bhupathiraju, and Krishanu Sengupta

8.1 Introduction 85

8.2 Boswellia serrata 86

8.3 Mechanism of Action 87

8.4 Development of 5-LOXIN (BE-30) 87

8.5 Gene Chip Probe Array Analysis 88

8.6 Proteomics 89

8.7 Molecular Basis of Anti-Inflammatory Properties of 5-LOXIN 95

8.8 In vivo Studies 96

8.9 Safety of 5-LOXIN 96

8.10 Clinical Efficacy of 5-LOXIN in the Management of Osteoarthritis 97

8.11 An Advanced 5-LOXIN: Aflapin 99

8.12 Conclusion 100

9 Cancer Chemopreventive Phytochemicals Targeting NF- B and Nrf2 Signaling Pathways 102
Hye-Kyung Na and Young-Joon Surh

9.1 Introduction 102

9.2 Molecular-Based Cancer Chemoprevention 104

9.3 Nuclear Factor-Kappa B (NF- B) 105

9.4 Nrf2 108

9.5 Interplay/Crosstalk between Nrf2 and NF?] B Signaling Pathways 114

9.6 Conclusion 115

10 The Beneficial Health Effects of Fucoxanthin 122
Kazuo Miyashita and Masashi Hosokawa

10.1 Introduction 122

10.2 The Beneficial Health Effects of Carotenoids as Antioxidants 124

10.3 Anticancer Activity of Fucoxanthin 124

10.4 Anti-Obesity Effects of Fucoxanthin 126

10.5 Anti-Diabetic Effects of Fucoxanthin 127

10.6 Conclusion 130

11 Nutrition, Genomics, and Human Health: A Complex Mechanism for Wellness 135
Okezie I. Aruoma

11.1 Introduction 135

11.2 Nutrition Sciences and Clinical Applications in Nutritional Genomics 136

12 Application of Genomics and Bioinformatics Analysis in Exploratory Study of Functional Foods 140
Kohsuke Hayamizu and Aiko Manji

12.1 Introduction 140

12.2 Analysis Tools 141

12.3 Interpretation Tools 142

12.4 Application Example of Kale (Brassica oleracea L. Var Acephala DC) 143

12.5 Conclusion 148

13 Omics Analysis and Databases for Plant Science 150
Masaaki Kobayashi, Hajime Ohyanagi, and Kentaro Yano

13.1 Introduction 150

13.2 NGS Technologies and Data Processing 151

13.3 De novo Plant Genome Assembly by NGS 151

13.4 Plant Genome Resequencing by NGS 153

13.5 Plant Transcriptome Analysis by NGS 154

13.6 Plant Genome and Annotation Databases 154

13.7 Plant Omics Databases 155

13.8 Conclusion 156

14 Synergistic Plant Genomics and Molecular Breeding Approaches for Ensuring Food Security 160
Shouvik Das and Swarup K. Parida

14.1 Introduction 160

14.2 Plant Genomics, Transcriptomics, Proteomics, and Metabolomics Resources 161

14.3 Molecular Markers in Plant Genome Analysis 163

14.4 Identification of Functionally Relevant Molecular Tags Governing Agronomic Traits 167

14.5 Genomics?]Assisted Crop Improvement 170

15 Combinatorial Approaches Utilizing Nutraceuticals in Cancer Chemoprevention and Therapy: A Complementary Shift with Promising Acuity 185
Madhulika Singh and Yogeshwer Shukla

15.1 Introduction 185

15.2 Nutraceuticals 187

15.3 Nutraceuticals and Key Events in Cancer Development 189

15.4 Nutraceuticals in Combinatorial Therapy of Human Cancer: A Pledge of the Future 191

15.5 Curcumin: Potential for Combination Therapy 195

15.6 Resveratrol: Potential for Combination Therapy 199

15.7 Lycopene (a Carotenoid): Potential for Combinations Therapy 202

15.8 Soy Nutraceuticals: Potential for Combination Therapy 203

15.9 Tea Polyphenols Potential for Combinatorial Therapy 204

15.10 D-Limonene: Potential for Combination Therapy 207

15.12 Conclusion 208

16 Nutrigenomic Approaches to Understanding the Transcriptional and Metabolic Responses of Phytochemicals to Diet-Induced Obesity and its Complications 218
Myung-Sook Choi and Eun-Young Kwon

16.1 Introduction 218

16.2 Nutrigenomics 219

16.3 Obesity and Cardiometabolic Syndrome 222

16.4 Anti-Obesity Action of Luteolin 225

16.5 Conclusion 226

17 Going Beyond the Current Native Nutritional Food Through the Integration of the Omic Data in the Post?]Genomic Era: A Study in (Resistant) Starch Systems Biology 230
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