Tuberculosis have been documented since antiquity and the search of the microbes that cause this disease started more than three hundred years ago. Nevertheless, tuberculosis remains an important global health issue, with millions of people affected per year in addition to millions that remain undiagnosed and untreated. Patients with tuberculosis face the full range of recurrence, reinfection, and resistance due to diagnostic, prophylactic, and therapeutic procedures that are not as effective as they should be. In addition, variability in susceptibility to tuberculosis pose a complex problem with numerous interrelated variables. This volume is devoted to the understanding of Tuberculosis focusing on its heterogeneity, its transmission, manifestations, related conditions, diagnosis, treatments, drug resistance and prevention.

Reviews heterogeneity in Tuberculosis epidemiology, transmission, and manifestations Discusses the indications for and limitations of different diagnostics in children and adults Indicates the mechanism of action, evolution, and resistance of tuberculosis therapies

Inhalt

1. Introduction on Tuberculosis: Integrated Studies for a Complex Disease.- 2. Global Tuberculosis Epidemiology.- 3. Heterogeneity in Tuberculosis.- 4. The Unequivocal Relationship between Tuberculosis and Tobacco: Integration of Two Maladies.- 5. Relationship between Pre-existing Cancer and Tuberculosis.- 6. Laboratory Diagnosis of Tuberculosis.- 7. The Role of Diagnostic Microdevices in the Fight Against Tuberculosis.- 8. Immunodiagnostics of Tuberculosis: Recent Discoveries.- 9. Role of Bronchoscopy in Diagnostics and Treatment of Tuberculosis.- 10. Diagnosis of Childhood Tuberculosis in Low- and Middle-income Countries.- 11. Pediatric Tuberculosis: Current Evidence for Laboratory Diagnosis.- 12. A Multidisciplinary Approach Towards Finding and Treating All Tuberculosis Patients.- 13. Chemotherapy for Drug-Susceptible Tuberculosis.- 14. The Pharmacokinetic and Pharmacodynamic Properties of Antitubercular Medications.- 15. Immune Approaches In Tuberculosis Treatment.- 16. Inhalation Therapy in Pulmonary Tuberculosis.- 17. Role of Micronutrients in Tuberculosis Management.- 18. Drug Resistance in Tuberculosis: Mechanisms, Diagnosis, New Responses, and the Need for An Integrated Approach.- 19. Resistance in Tuberculosis: Molecular Mechanisms and Modulation.- 20. Personalized Tuberculosis Care for Drug-Resistant Tuberculosis.- 21. Important Targets and Inhibitors of Mycobacterium Tuberculosis.- 22. P-type ATPases: A Relevant Component in Mycobacterium tuberculosis Viability.- 23. The Challenges of Antitubercular Drug Discovery.- 24. Exploring Decaprenylphosphoryl--D-ribose 2'-Epimerase 1 (DprE1): A Target for Anti-Tubercular Drugs.- 25. Energy Pathways in Mycobacterium Tuberculosis.- 26. Drug Discovery for Non-Tuberculous Mycobacteria: Recent Updates.- 27. Challenges for Contact Tracing and Tuberculosis Preventive Therapy Scale-up.- 28. Exploring Problematizations Underlying Tuberculosis Control Strategies: A Cross-Country Analysis of India and Kenya.- 29. Challenges in Prevention and Management of Tuberculosis.- 30. Tuberculosis in Contacts and Healthcare Workers.- 31. Tuberculosis Among People Who Use Drugs: Multilevel Considerations for Prevention, Diagnosis, and Treatment.- 32. Anti-Tumor Necrosis Factor- Antagonists and Tuberculosis.- 33. Breast Tuberculosis.- 34. Central Nervous System Tuberculosis: Pathogenesis, Diagnosis, and Management.- 35. Pleural Tuberculosis.- 36. Ocular Tuberculosis.- 37. Ocular Tuberculosis: Biomarkers for Risk Stratification.- 38. Bone and Joint Tuberculosis.- 39. Abdominal Tuberculosis: Pathogenesis, Clinical Features, and Diagnosis.- 40. Bovine Tuberculosis at The Interface of Cattle, Wildlife, and Humans.- 41. Evolution and Molecular Characteristics of Mycobacterium Tuberculosis and Mycobacterium Bovis.- 42. Animal Tuberculosis: Gross Lesions and Anatomopathological Diagnosis.- 43. Estimation of Microbial Mutation Rates in Tuberculosis Research.- 44. The Role of Epigenetics in the Development of Anti-Tuberculosis Drug Resistance.- 45. Multiomics Integration of Tuberculosis Pathogenesis.- 46. Lung Microbiome in Tuberculosis.- 47. The Correlation of Microbiota and Host Epigenome in Tuberculosis.- 48. The Pathogenesis and Progression of Sarcoidosis from The Standpoint of Tuberculosis.- 49. Tuberculosis: A Historical and Global Bioethical Perspective.- 50. The Problem of Tuberculosis: Myths, Stigma, and Mimics.- 51. Tuberculosis: Integrated Studies for a Complex Disease 2050.