This book presents the latest breakthrough results in glycobiology regarding the roles of glycans in relation to quality control and transport of protein, the immune system, viral infection, stem cells, the neural system, and various diseases such as cancer, diabetes, chronic obstructive pulmonary disease, muscular dystrophy, and schizophrenia. Although glycoscience has long been regarded as a very specialized field with no simple analytical method, the recent explosive progress in research continues to provide limitless evidence that glycan chains are the key component in various biological phenomena. Cell surface glycans, for example, change with developmental stages or environmental conditions and thus represent a face of the cell that is utilized for identification of iPS and ES cells and as biomarkers in diagnosis or detection of cancer. This book comprises 17 chapters, each of which poses outstanding glyco-related questions enabling non-specialists to have a clearer idea about what the future direction for further investigation of glycans in their own research fields will be. Also including basic information to understand the nature of glycans, this title serves as an excellent textbook for researchers in diverse research fields who are not familiar with, but nevertheless interested in, glycan chains or sugar chains.

Covers cutting-edge results from diverse research fields such as cell biology, immunology, and cancer biology Clarifies the roles of glycans in various cellular processes and diseases Suggests future directions for further understanding of the functions of glycans Is recommended for researchers who are not expert in glycoscience

Inhalt

1 N-Glycans and Quality Control of Proteins.- 2 Glycan-Mediated Protein Transport from the Endoplasmic Reticulum.- 3 Gangliosides and T-Cell Immunity.- 4 Gangliosides Regulate Tumor Properties: With Focus on the Suppression of Metastasis-Associated ppGalNAc-T13 with GM1.- 5 Role of Glycans in Viral Infection.- 6 Discovery and Applications of a Novel Human Pluripotent Stem Cell-Specific Lectin Probe rBC2LCN.- 7 Glycan Structure and Neural Plasticity.- 8 The Involvement of Midkine, a Heparin-Binding Growth Factor, in Cancer Development.- 9 Tumor-Associated Glycans and Their Functional Roles in the Multistep Process of Human Cancer Progression.- 10 Mammalian Sialidase and Tumor Development.- 11 Roles of Glycans in Immune Evasion from NK Immunity.- 12 Glycomic Analysis of Cancer.- 13 Glyco-Predisposing Factor of Diabetes.- 14 Macrophages Govern Ganglioside GM3 Expression in Adipocytes to Regulate Adipogenesis and Insulin Signaling in Homeostatic and Pathogenic Conditions.- 15 O-MannosylGlycan and Muscular Dystrophy.- 16 Glycans and Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease (COPD).- 17 1,6-Fucosyltransferase Knockout Mice and Schizophrenia-Like Phenotype.