Structural and dynamical properties of surfaces are of considerable importance for the elucidation of surface phenomena. For example, the adsorption of particles and chemical reactions at surfaces are influenced by these properties. Also, the electronic surface states of electronic device materials (e.g., Schottky barrier diodes and metal-insulator-semiconductor devices) depend critically on the structure of the semiconductor surface and the overlayers. As in Structure and Dynamics of Surfaces I , this Topics volume considers the problems at the mircoscopic level. It deals with ordered and disordered as well as harmonic and anharmonic surface effects. Novel experimental techniques and theoretical developments which have been applied successfully during the last decade are integrated. The contributions of this volume also include the background of the subject, typical results, and, in most cases, trends of future developments.

Inhalt

1. Introduction: Surface Phenomena and Their Analysis by Scattering Experiments.- 1.1 Surface Phenomena.- 1.2 Scattering Methods for Surface Analysis.- 1.3 On the Temperature-Dependence of Surface Properties.- 1.4 Book Outline.- References.- Additional References with Titles.- 2. Study of Surface Phonons by Means of the Green's Function Method.- 2.1 Introductory Remarks.- 2.2 The Time-Independent Green's Function Method in Summary.- 2.3 The Green's Function Method in Surface Dynamics.- 2.4 From a Slab to a Semiinfinite Lattice: Selfconsistent Definition of the Perturbation Matrix.- 2.5 The Electronic Contribution to Surface Dynamics in the Framework of Shell Models.- 2.6 Surface Vibrations in Alkali Halides.- 2.7 Further Developments: The Study of Surface Phonon Anomalies.- References.- 3. Surface Diffusion and Layer Growth.- 3.1 Mass Transport and Growth Phenomena at Surfaces.- 3.2 Description of Surface Diffusion.- 3.3 Experimental Methods for the Study of Surface Diffusion and Typical Results.- 3.4 Growth Modes.- 3.5 Layer-Growth Techniques.- 3.6 Methods for the Examination of Growth Processes and Typical Results.- 3.7 Model Calculations and Simulations.- 3.8 Conclusion and Outlook.- References.- Additional References with Titles.- 4. Phase Transitions on Single-Crystal Surfaces and in Chemisorbed Layers.- 4.1 Background.- 4.2 Theoretical Foundations.- 4.3 Experimental Techniques.- 4.4 Results.- 4.5 Concluding Remarks and Outlook.- References.- Additional References with Titles.- 5. Solid and Liquid Surfaces Studied by Synchrotron X-Ray Diffraction.- 5.1 Reflectivity and Density Profile.- 5.2 Experimental Reflectivity Set Up.- 5.3 Examples of Reflectivity Measurements.- 5.4 In-Plane Structures.- References.- 6. Statistical Mechanics of the Liquid Surface andthe Effect of Premelting.- 6.1 The Structure of the Liquid Surface.- 6.2 Dynamics of the Liquid Surface.- 6.3 The Effect of Premelting. A Study for Krypton.- 6.4 Final Remarks.- References.- Additional References with Titles.- 7. The Roughening Transition.- 7.1 Background.- 7.2 Macroscopic Description of Equilibrium Crystal Shapes.- 7.3 Microscopic Description of Crystal Surfaces.- 7.4 Statistical Mechanics of Interface Models.- 7.5 Discussion.- Appendix 7.A: Surface Stiffness and Universal Jump in Curvature.- References.- 8. Structural and Dynamical Aspects of Adsorption and Desorption.- 8.1 General.- 8.2 Basic Experimental Facts.- 8.3 Overview of the Different Theoretical Approaches.- 8.4 Selected Problems.- 8.5 Concluding Remarks.- References.- 9. Many-Body Description of Surface Elementary Excitations. Application to Semiconductors.- 9.1 Background.- 9.2 Elementary Excitations on Surfaces.- 9.3 Surface Electromagnetic Response.- 9.4 Electron-Phonon Interaction and Microscopic Theory of Lattice Dynamics on Surfaces.- 9.5 Applications: Si(111).- 9.6 Summary and Perspectives.- References.